TY - JOUR
T1 - 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and mortality in black and white older adults
T2 - The health ABC study
AU - Kritchevsky, Stephen B.
AU - Tooze, Janet A.
AU - Neiberg, Rebecca H.
AU - Schwartz, Gary G.
AU - Hausman, Dorothy B.
AU - Johnson, Mary Ann
AU - Bauer, Douglas C.
AU - Cauley, Jane A.
AU - Shea, M. Kyla
AU - Cawthon, Peggy M.
AU - Harris, Tamara B.
AU - Rubin, Susan M.
AU - Tylavsky, Francis A.
AU - Houston, Denise K.
PY - 2012/11
Y1 - 2012/11
N2 - Context: Previous 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and mortality studies have included mostly individuals of European descent. Whether the relationship is similar in Blacks and to what extent differences in 25(OH)D explain racial disparities in mortality is unclear. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between 25(OH)D, PTH, and mortality in Black and white community-dwelling older adults over 8.5 yr of follow-up. Design and Setting: Health ABC is a prospective cohort study conducted in Memphis, TN, and Pittsburgh, PA. Participants: Well-functioning Blacks and whites aged 71-80 yr with measured 25(OH)D and PTH (n = 2638; 49% male, 39% Black) were included in the study. Main Outcome Measure: Multivariate-adjusted proportional hazards models estimated the hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause, cardiovascular, cancer, and noncancer, noncardiovascular mortality (n = 691 deaths). Results: Mean 25(OH)D concentrations were higher in whites than in Blacks [mean (SD): 29.0 (9.9) and 20.8 (8.7) ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.001]. Serum 25(OH)D by race interactions were not significant, however. Lower 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with higher mortality in Blacks and whites combined [HR (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.27 (1.59-3.24), 1.48 (1.20-1.84), and 1.25 (1.02-1.52) for < 10, 10 to < 20, and 20 to < 30 vs. ≥30 ng/ml]. In the multivariate model without 25(OH)D, Blacks had 22% higher mortality than whites [HR (95% CI) 1.22 (1.01, 1.48)]; after including 25(OH)D in the model, the association was attenuated [1.09 (0.90-1.33)]. The mortality population attributable risks (95% CI) for 25(OH)D concentrations less than 20 ng/ml and less than 30 ng/ml in Blacks were 16.4% (3.1-26.6%) and 37.7% (11.6-55.1%) and in whites were 8.9% (3.9-12.7%) and 11.1% (-2.7 to 22.0%), respectively. PTH was also associated with mortality [HR (95% CI) 1.80 (1.33-2.43) for ≥70 vs. <23 pg/ml]. Conclusions: Low 25(OH)D and high PTH concentrations were associated with increased mortality in Black and white community-dwelling older adults. Because 25(OH)D concentrations were much lower in Blacks, the potential impact of remediating low 25(OH)D concentrations was greater in Blacks than whites.
AB - Context: Previous 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and mortality studies have included mostly individuals of European descent. Whether the relationship is similar in Blacks and to what extent differences in 25(OH)D explain racial disparities in mortality is unclear. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between 25(OH)D, PTH, and mortality in Black and white community-dwelling older adults over 8.5 yr of follow-up. Design and Setting: Health ABC is a prospective cohort study conducted in Memphis, TN, and Pittsburgh, PA. Participants: Well-functioning Blacks and whites aged 71-80 yr with measured 25(OH)D and PTH (n = 2638; 49% male, 39% Black) were included in the study. Main Outcome Measure: Multivariate-adjusted proportional hazards models estimated the hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause, cardiovascular, cancer, and noncancer, noncardiovascular mortality (n = 691 deaths). Results: Mean 25(OH)D concentrations were higher in whites than in Blacks [mean (SD): 29.0 (9.9) and 20.8 (8.7) ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.001]. Serum 25(OH)D by race interactions were not significant, however. Lower 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with higher mortality in Blacks and whites combined [HR (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.27 (1.59-3.24), 1.48 (1.20-1.84), and 1.25 (1.02-1.52) for < 10, 10 to < 20, and 20 to < 30 vs. ≥30 ng/ml]. In the multivariate model without 25(OH)D, Blacks had 22% higher mortality than whites [HR (95% CI) 1.22 (1.01, 1.48)]; after including 25(OH)D in the model, the association was attenuated [1.09 (0.90-1.33)]. The mortality population attributable risks (95% CI) for 25(OH)D concentrations less than 20 ng/ml and less than 30 ng/ml in Blacks were 16.4% (3.1-26.6%) and 37.7% (11.6-55.1%) and in whites were 8.9% (3.9-12.7%) and 11.1% (-2.7 to 22.0%), respectively. PTH was also associated with mortality [HR (95% CI) 1.80 (1.33-2.43) for ≥70 vs. <23 pg/ml]. Conclusions: Low 25(OH)D and high PTH concentrations were associated with increased mortality in Black and white community-dwelling older adults. Because 25(OH)D concentrations were much lower in Blacks, the potential impact of remediating low 25(OH)D concentrations was greater in Blacks than whites.
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U2 - 10.1210/jc.2012-1551
DO - 10.1210/jc.2012-1551
M3 - Article
C2 - 22942386
AN - SCOPUS:84868609822
SN - 0021-972X
VL - 97
SP - 4156
EP - 4165
JO - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
IS - 11
ER -