TY - JOUR
T1 - A Coat of Many Colors
T2 - Neuroimmune Crosstalk in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
AU - Kraft-Terry, Stephanie D.
AU - Buch, Shilpa J.
AU - Fox, Howard S.
AU - Gendelman, Howard E.
N1 - Funding Information:
We wish to thank Robin Taylor for outstanding editorial and graphic assistance and Drs. Jialin Zheng, Tsuneya Ikezu, Michael Boska, R. Lee Mosley, Pawel Ciborowski, Larisa Poluektova, Santhi Gorantla, Huanyu Dou, Georgette Kanmogne, Harris Gelbard, David J. Volsky, Loyda Melendez, James Haorah, Cecilia Marcondes, Peter Gaskill, and Honghong Yao for active discussions. We thank the NINDS, NIMH, NIDA, and the Frances and Louis Blumkin Foundation, the Community Neuroscience Pride of Nebraska Research Initiative, and the Alan Baer Charitable Trust for support.
PY - 2009/10/15
Y1 - 2009/10/15
N2 - The use of antiretroviral therapy has reduced mortality and increased the quality of life of HIV-1-infected people, particularly in more developed countries where access to treatment is more widespread. However, morbidities continue, which include HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Subtle cognitive abnormalities and low-level viral replication underlie disease. The balance between robust antiviral adaptive immunity, neuronal homeostatic mechanisms, and neuroprotective factors on one hand and toxicities afforded by dysregulated immune activities on the other govern disease. New insights into the pathobiological processes for neuroimmune-linked disease and ways to modulate such activities for therapeutic gain are discussed. Better understanding of the complexities of immune regulation during HAND can improve diagnosis and disease outcomes but is also relevant for the pathogenesis of a broad range of neurodegenerative disorders.
AB - The use of antiretroviral therapy has reduced mortality and increased the quality of life of HIV-1-infected people, particularly in more developed countries where access to treatment is more widespread. However, morbidities continue, which include HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Subtle cognitive abnormalities and low-level viral replication underlie disease. The balance between robust antiviral adaptive immunity, neuronal homeostatic mechanisms, and neuroprotective factors on one hand and toxicities afforded by dysregulated immune activities on the other govern disease. New insights into the pathobiological processes for neuroimmune-linked disease and ways to modulate such activities for therapeutic gain are discussed. Better understanding of the complexities of immune regulation during HAND can improve diagnosis and disease outcomes but is also relevant for the pathogenesis of a broad range of neurodegenerative disorders.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.042
DO - 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.042
M3 - Review article
C2 - 19840555
AN - SCOPUS:70349810685
SN - 0896-6273
VL - 64
SP - 133
EP - 145
JO - Neuron
JF - Neuron
IS - 1
ER -