TY - JOUR
T1 - A feasibility, toxicity, and early response study of etoposide, ifosfamide, and vincristine for the treatment of children with rhabdomyosarcoma
T2 - A report from the intergroup rhabdomyosarcoma study (IRS) IV pilot study
AU - Arndt, Carola A.S.
AU - Tefft, Mariella
AU - Gehan, Edmund
AU - Anderson, James
AU - Jenson, Michelle
AU - Link, Michael
AU - Donaldson, Sarah
AU - Breneman, John
AU - Wiener, Eugene
AU - Webber, Bruce
AU - Maurer, Harold
PY - 1997
Y1 - 1997
N2 - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility, toxicity, and early response of patients with clinical group III rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) to a chemotherapy regimen of etoposide (ETOP), ifosfamide (IFOS), and vincristine (VCR) with hyperfractionated radiation therapy (XRT). Patients and Methods: Sixty-eight patients aged <21 years, previously untreated, with clinical group III RMS or undifferentiated sarcoma with normal organ function were eligible for this study. Chemotherapy was as follows: weeks 0-8: IFOS 1.8 g/m2/day × 5 days every 3 weeks × 3 (with mesna), ETOP 100 mg/m2/day × 5 days every 3 weeks × 3, and VCR 1.5 mg/m2/week × 9; weeks 9-16: hyperfractionated XRT (except patients with parameningeal tumors with meningeal extension, who received XRT on day 0), IFOS/mesna weeks 9, 12, 16, and VCR weeks 9, 10, 11, 12, 16; weeks 20-99: IFOS/mesna q 3 weeks × 2, ETOP q 3 weeks × 2, and VCR weekly × 6 weeks. Four drug cycles were repeated every 9 weeks, beginning at week 29. In January 1991, the duration of therapy was reduced to 12 courses due to emerging evidence of IFOS-induced renal tubular dysfunction. Results: Of the 62 patients evaluable for response, 45 (73%) achieved a complete response. There were three fatal toxicities due to infection. Life-threatening neutropenia was seen in 55 of 60 patients, and life-threatening infections occurred in 27 of 60 patients. Twenty-five patients (42%) developed some degree of neurotoxicity from vincristine. Eleven patients (18%) developed nephrotoxicity, 7 cases of which were severe; 6 of the 11 patients who developed nephrotoxicity were <2 years old. Conclusions: This pilot study had toxicity and response rates comparable to the other two Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS)-IV pilot trials of vincristine-actinomycin-cyclophosphamide and vincristine-actinomycin-ifosfamide and is, therefore, being evaluated in the current IRS randomized trial. Due to the high incidence of life-threatening neutropenia and infections, the use of growth factors is now routine. Five of 11 patients who developed nephrotoxicity did so after more than eight courses of IFOS; therefore, the current randomized trial limits IFOS to a total of eight courses.
AB - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility, toxicity, and early response of patients with clinical group III rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) to a chemotherapy regimen of etoposide (ETOP), ifosfamide (IFOS), and vincristine (VCR) with hyperfractionated radiation therapy (XRT). Patients and Methods: Sixty-eight patients aged <21 years, previously untreated, with clinical group III RMS or undifferentiated sarcoma with normal organ function were eligible for this study. Chemotherapy was as follows: weeks 0-8: IFOS 1.8 g/m2/day × 5 days every 3 weeks × 3 (with mesna), ETOP 100 mg/m2/day × 5 days every 3 weeks × 3, and VCR 1.5 mg/m2/week × 9; weeks 9-16: hyperfractionated XRT (except patients with parameningeal tumors with meningeal extension, who received XRT on day 0), IFOS/mesna weeks 9, 12, 16, and VCR weeks 9, 10, 11, 12, 16; weeks 20-99: IFOS/mesna q 3 weeks × 2, ETOP q 3 weeks × 2, and VCR weekly × 6 weeks. Four drug cycles were repeated every 9 weeks, beginning at week 29. In January 1991, the duration of therapy was reduced to 12 courses due to emerging evidence of IFOS-induced renal tubular dysfunction. Results: Of the 62 patients evaluable for response, 45 (73%) achieved a complete response. There were three fatal toxicities due to infection. Life-threatening neutropenia was seen in 55 of 60 patients, and life-threatening infections occurred in 27 of 60 patients. Twenty-five patients (42%) developed some degree of neurotoxicity from vincristine. Eleven patients (18%) developed nephrotoxicity, 7 cases of which were severe; 6 of the 11 patients who developed nephrotoxicity were <2 years old. Conclusions: This pilot study had toxicity and response rates comparable to the other two Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS)-IV pilot trials of vincristine-actinomycin-cyclophosphamide and vincristine-actinomycin-ifosfamide and is, therefore, being evaluated in the current IRS randomized trial. Due to the high incidence of life-threatening neutropenia and infections, the use of growth factors is now routine. Five of 11 patients who developed nephrotoxicity did so after more than eight courses of IFOS; therefore, the current randomized trial limits IFOS to a total of eight courses.
KW - Etoposide
KW - Ifosfamide
KW - Pilot chemotherapy for rhabdomyosarcoma
KW - Rhabdomyosarcoma
KW - Vincristine
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0030972773&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/00043426-199703000-00005
DO - 10.1097/00043426-199703000-00005
M3 - Article
C2 - 9149741
AN - SCOPUS:0030972773
SN - 1077-4114
VL - 19
SP - 124
EP - 129
JO - Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
JF - Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
IS - 2
ER -