TY - JOUR
T1 - Adenosine receptors find a new partner and move out
AU - Toews, Myron L.
PY - 2006/4
Y1 - 2006/4
N2 - Recent studies of G protein-coupled receptors have highlighted two "new" and interactive elements involved in their function and regulation: their ability to localize to different cell surface and intracellular compartments and their ability to interact with partners other than their classic heterotrimeric G proteins. The effects mediated by these receptors can be markedly different depending on the compartment in which they reside and the partners with which they interact in each compartment. The studies in this issue of Molecular Pharmacology by Milojević et al. (page 1083) merge these two themes by identifying the ubiquitin-specific protease Usp4 as a partner for the carboxylterminal tail of adenosine A2A receptors and showing that this interaction allows processing and delivery to the cell surface of newly synthesized A2A receptors, which are otherwise predominantly intracellular. Their studies suggest that the intracellular A2A receptors are ubiquitinated, presumably because of misfolding and intervention of the "endoplasmic reticulum quality control" mechanism leading to degradation of the receptors by proteasomes. Increasing Usp4 expression stimulates receptor de-ubiquitination and increases cell surface expression of functional receptors. Evidence is presented for tight specificity of this interaction, with another Usp family member failing to rescue A2A receptors and Usp4 failing to rescue another intracellular receptor. The background and significance of this study are highlighted here, including puzzles that remain to be solved and the potential for pharmacological targeting of such interactions to manipulate the expression, location, and function of G protein-coupled receptors for therapeutic benefit.
AB - Recent studies of G protein-coupled receptors have highlighted two "new" and interactive elements involved in their function and regulation: their ability to localize to different cell surface and intracellular compartments and their ability to interact with partners other than their classic heterotrimeric G proteins. The effects mediated by these receptors can be markedly different depending on the compartment in which they reside and the partners with which they interact in each compartment. The studies in this issue of Molecular Pharmacology by Milojević et al. (page 1083) merge these two themes by identifying the ubiquitin-specific protease Usp4 as a partner for the carboxylterminal tail of adenosine A2A receptors and showing that this interaction allows processing and delivery to the cell surface of newly synthesized A2A receptors, which are otherwise predominantly intracellular. Their studies suggest that the intracellular A2A receptors are ubiquitinated, presumably because of misfolding and intervention of the "endoplasmic reticulum quality control" mechanism leading to degradation of the receptors by proteasomes. Increasing Usp4 expression stimulates receptor de-ubiquitination and increases cell surface expression of functional receptors. Evidence is presented for tight specificity of this interaction, with another Usp family member failing to rescue A2A receptors and Usp4 failing to rescue another intracellular receptor. The background and significance of this study are highlighted here, including puzzles that remain to be solved and the potential for pharmacological targeting of such interactions to manipulate the expression, location, and function of G protein-coupled receptors for therapeutic benefit.
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U2 - 10.1124/mol.106.022699
DO - 10.1124/mol.106.022699
M3 - Review article
C2 - 16421289
AN - SCOPUS:33645105245
SN - 0026-895X
VL - 69
SP - 1075
EP - 1078
JO - Molecular pharmacology
JF - Molecular pharmacology
IS - 4
ER -