TY - JOUR
T1 - Allelic variants of OsHKT1;1 underlie the divergence between indica and japonica subspecies of rice (Oryza sativa) for root sodium content
AU - Campbell, Malachy T.
AU - Bandillo, Nonoy
AU - Al Shiblawi, Fouad Razzaq A.
AU - Sharma, Sandeep
AU - Liu, Kan
AU - Du, Qian
AU - Schmitz, Aaron J.
AU - Zhang, Chi
AU - Véry, Anne Aliénor
AU - Lorenz, Aaron J.
AU - Walia, Harkamal
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation (United States) through Award No. 1238125 to HW and AJL. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We kindly thank Susan McCouch (Cornell University) for providing access to the 700k SNP data for RDP1. Confocal imaging was performed on the MRI platform (https://www.mri.cnrs.fr/fr/), on which we are grateful to Carine Alcon and Doan T Luu for help in experimentations.
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Salinity is a major factor limiting crop productivity. Rice (Oryza sativa), a staple crop for the majority of the world, is highly sensitive to salinity stress. To discover novel sources of genetic variation for salt tolerance-related traits in rice, we screened 390 diverse accessions under 14 days of moderate (9 dS·m-1) salinity. In this study, shoot growth responses to moderate levels of salinity were independent of tissue Na+content. A significant difference in root Na+content was observed between the major subpopulations of rice, with indica accessions displaying higher root Na+and japonica accessions exhibiting lower root Na+content. The genetic basis of the observed variation in phenotypes was elucidated through genome-wide association (GWA). The strongest associations were identified for root Na+:K+ratio and root Na+content in a region spanning ~575 Kb on chromosome 4, named Root Na+Content 4 (RNC4). Two Na+transporters, HKT1;1 and HKT1;4 were identified as candidates for RNC4. Reduced expression of both HKT1;1 and HKT1;4 through RNA interference indicated that HKT1;1 regulates shoot and root Na+content, and is likely the causal gene underlying RNC4. Three non-synonymous mutations within HKT1;1 were present at higher frequency in the indica subpopulation. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes the indica-predominant isoform exhibited higher inward (negative) currents and a less negative voltage threshold of inward rectifying current activation compared to the japonica-predominant isoform. The introduction of a 4.5kb fragment containing the HKT1;1 promoter and CDS from an indica variety into a japonica background, resulted in a phenotype similar to the indica subpopulation, with higher root Na+and Na+:K+. This study provides evidence that HKT1;1 regulates root Na+content, and underlies the divergence in root Na+content between the two major subspecies in rice.
AB - Salinity is a major factor limiting crop productivity. Rice (Oryza sativa), a staple crop for the majority of the world, is highly sensitive to salinity stress. To discover novel sources of genetic variation for salt tolerance-related traits in rice, we screened 390 diverse accessions under 14 days of moderate (9 dS·m-1) salinity. In this study, shoot growth responses to moderate levels of salinity were independent of tissue Na+content. A significant difference in root Na+content was observed between the major subpopulations of rice, with indica accessions displaying higher root Na+and japonica accessions exhibiting lower root Na+content. The genetic basis of the observed variation in phenotypes was elucidated through genome-wide association (GWA). The strongest associations were identified for root Na+:K+ratio and root Na+content in a region spanning ~575 Kb on chromosome 4, named Root Na+Content 4 (RNC4). Two Na+transporters, HKT1;1 and HKT1;4 were identified as candidates for RNC4. Reduced expression of both HKT1;1 and HKT1;4 through RNA interference indicated that HKT1;1 regulates shoot and root Na+content, and is likely the causal gene underlying RNC4. Three non-synonymous mutations within HKT1;1 were present at higher frequency in the indica subpopulation. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes the indica-predominant isoform exhibited higher inward (negative) currents and a less negative voltage threshold of inward rectifying current activation compared to the japonica-predominant isoform. The introduction of a 4.5kb fragment containing the HKT1;1 promoter and CDS from an indica variety into a japonica background, resulted in a phenotype similar to the indica subpopulation, with higher root Na+and Na+:K+. This study provides evidence that HKT1;1 regulates root Na+content, and underlies the divergence in root Na+content between the two major subspecies in rice.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006823
DO - 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006823
M3 - Article
C2 - 28582424
AN - SCOPUS:85021833956
VL - 13
JO - PLoS Genetics
JF - PLoS Genetics
SN - 1553-7390
IS - 6
M1 - e1006823
ER -