@article{d5c041cbd1a34d6d803ae9bb33e73ce2,
title = "Altered brain dynamics in patients with type 1 diabetes during working memory processing",
abstract = "It is now generally accepted that diabetes increases the risk for cognitive impairment, but the precise mechanisms are poorly understood. A critical problem in linking diabetes to cognitive impairment is that patients often have multiple comorbidities (e.g., obesity, hypertension) that have been independently linked to cognitive deficits. In the study reported here we focused on young adults with and without type 1 diabetes who were virtually free of such comorbidities. The two groups were matched on major health and demographic factors, and all participants completed a verbal working memory task during magnetoencephalo-graphic brain imaging. We hypothesized that patients would have altered neural dynamics in verbal working memory processing and that these differences would directly relate to clinical disease measures. Accordingly, we found that patients had significantly stronger neural responses in the superior parietal cortices during memory encoding and significantly weaker activity in parietal-occipital regions during maintenance compared with control subjects. Moreover, disease duration and glycemic control were both significantly correlated with neural responses in various brain regions. In conclusion, young healthy adults with type 1 diabetes already have aberrant neural processing relative to their peers without diabetes, using compensatory responses to perform the task, and glucose management and duration may play a central role.",
author = "Embury, {Christine M.} and Wiesman, {Alex I.} and Proskovec, {Amy L.} and Elizabeth Heinrichs-Graham and McDermott, {Timothy J.} and Lord, {Grace H.} and Brau, {Kaitlin L.} and Drincic, {Andjela T.} and Desouza, {Cyrus V.} and Wilson, {Tony W.}",
note = "Funding Information: Funding. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants F31-AG-055332 (to A.I.W.) and R01-MH103220 (to T.W.W.), National Science Foundation grant 1539067 (to T.W.W.), and by a Research Support Fund grant from the Nebraska Health System and the University of Nebraska Medical Center. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Funding Information: Duality of Interest. C.V.D. is a consultant with Novo Nordisk and receives research funding from Theracos and Sanofi. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. Author Contributions. C.M.E., A.I.W., A.L.P., E.H.-G., T.J.M., C.V.D., and T.W.W. contributed to data analysis and interpretation. C.M.E., E.H.-G., A.T.D., C.V.D., and T.W.W. contributed to article revisions. C.M.E., G.H.L., K.L.B., A.T.D., and C.V.D. collected data and assisted in participant recruitment. C.M.E. and T.W.W. drafted the article. A.L.P., E.H.-G., K.L.B., A.T.D., C.V.D., and T.W.W. contributed to experimental design. All authors take responsibility for the contents of this article. T.W.W. is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Prior Presentation. Parts of this study were presented in abstract form at the 2017 Annual Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 25–29 June 2017. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 by the American Diabetes Association.",
year = "2018",
month = jun,
day = "1",
doi = "10.2337/db17-1382",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "67",
pages = "1140--1148",
journal = "Diabetes",
issn = "0012-1797",
publisher = "American Diabetes Association Inc.",
number = "6",
}