Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (Thymoglobulin), Tacrolimus, and Sirolimus as Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis for Unrelated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Zaid Al-Kadhimi, Zartash Gul, Roberto Rodriguez, Wei Chen, Daryn Smith, Alice Mitchell, Muneer Abidi, Lois Ayash, Abhinav Deol, Lawrence Lum, Stephen Forman, Voravit Ratanatharathorn, Joseph Uberti

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

21 Scopus citations

Abstract

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We prospectively evaluated the efficacy of intermediate-dose rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (Thymoglobulin® a total of 4.5 mg/kg given over days -3, -2, and -1) in combination with tacrolimus and sirolimus for the prevention of aGVHD. We enrolled 47 recipients who underwent unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Patients received daily granulocyte colony-stimulating factor starting on day +6 until neutrophil engraftment (median duration, 11 days; range, 9-15 days). Twenty-two patients received HLA 8/8 and 25 received 7/8 matched grafts, respectively. The median follow-up duration was 23.6 months (range, 18.8-27.9 months). The cumulative incidence of grade II to IV aGVHD was 23.4% (95% confidence interval, 12.4-36.3). At 2-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality was 31.9%, cumulative incidence of relapse was 24.6%, and cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 33%. Progression-free survival at 1 year was 54%, with a median of 17.7 months. Overall survival at 1 year was 65%, with no median reached. These results suggest that the combination of Thymoglobulin, tacrolimus, and sirolimus in patients undergoing unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is well tolerated and associated with a low incidence and severity of aGVHD and chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1734-1744
Number of pages11
JournalBiology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Volume18
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2012
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • AGVHD
  • Antithymocyte globulin
  • Sirolimus
  • Tacrolimus
  • Unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Hematology
  • Transplantation

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