Bleomycin treatment causes enhancement of virus replication in the lungs of SHIV-infected macaques

Navneet Kaur Dhillon, David Pinson, Sukhbir Dhillon, Ossama Tawfik, Marsha Danley, Marilyn Davis, Olga Nemon, Matthew Mayo, Anil Kumar, Yi Jou Tsai, Amit Kumar, Shilpa J. Buch

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Pneumonia is a major complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pathogenesis but it develops only after prolonged infection. We used the macaque model to explore a hypothesis that the disease is a two-stage process, the first stage being establishment of the viral infection in the lung and the second being amplification of virus replication by host factors induced by chemical agents or opportunistic pathogens in the lung. Bleomycin, a chemical known to induce diffuse alveolar damage and pulmonary fibrosis with accumulation of macrophages and a rich T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine environment, was inoculated intratracheally into five of eight SHIV 89.6P-infected macaques and into one uninfected macaque. Three additional simian HIV (SHIV)-infected macaques without bleomycin treatment served as untreated virus controls. Although none of the animals became clinically ill, bleomycin induced classical host responses in the lungs of all the treated, virus-infected macaques. There was enhanced production of the chemokine, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), that had previously been shown to cause enhanced replication of the virus. Four of the five treated animals developed more productive SHIV infection in the lungs compared with the infected untreated animals. Enhanced virus replication was found primarily in infiltrating macrophages. Enhanced replication of the virus in the lungs was associated with host factors induced by the drug and supported the hypothesis for a two-stage process of pulmonary pathogenesis.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)L1233-L1240
JournalAmerican Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
Volume292
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2007
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Simian-human immunodeficiency virus

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Physiology
  • Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
  • Physiology (medical)
  • Cell Biology

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