Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Young Adults: A Literature Review

Dieu My T. Tran, Lani M. Zimmerman

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

28 Scopus citations

Abstract

This extensive literature review focuses on cardiovascular risk factors in young adults, with an emphasis on hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Multiple studies have confirmed that hyperlipidemia and hypertension during young adulthood are associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) in later decades, and CHD is one type of cardiovascular disease. The primary risk factors identified in the literature that are predictive of CHD are age; gender; race/ethnicity; smoking status; high blood pressure; and elevated lipid levels, especially low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The current guidelines are insufficient to address screening and treatment in young adults with cardiovascular risk factors. Future studies are warranted to confirm the extent of cardiovascular risks in young adults, which can then be targeted to this population for prevention and intervention strategies.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)298-310
Number of pages13
JournalJournal of Cardiovascular Nursing
Volume30
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 25 2015

Keywords

  • cardiovascular risk factors
  • health screening
  • young adults

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Advanced and Specialized Nursing

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