TY - JOUR
T1 - Chemical biomarkers of epileptogenesis and ictogenesis in experimental epilepsy
AU - Luna-Munguia, Hiram
AU - Zestos, Alexander G.
AU - Gliske, Stephen V.
AU - Kennedy, Robert T.
AU - Stacey, William C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for this work was provided by NIH 1K08NS069783 , 1R01NS094399 , T32DA007268 , R37 EB003320 , R01 EB003320 , and the Michigan Brain Initiative Working Group .
PY - 2019/1
Y1 - 2019/1
N2 - Epilepsy produces chronic chemical changes induced by altered cellular structures, and acute ones produced by conditions leading into individual seizures. Here, we aim to quantify 24 molecules simultaneously at baseline and during periods of lowered seizure threshold in rats. Using serial hippocampal microdialysis collections starting two weeks after the pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus, we evaluated how this chronic epilepsy model affects molecule levels and their interactions. Then, we quantified the changes occurring when the brain moves into a pro-seizure state using a novel model of physiological ictogenesis. Compared with controls, pilocarpine animals had significantly decreased baseline levels of adenosine, homovanillic acid, and serotonin, but significantly increased levels of choline, glutamate, phenylalanine, and tyrosine. Step-wise linear regression identified that choline, homovanillic acid, adenosine, and serotonin are the most important features to characterize the difference in the extracellular milieu between pilocarpine and control animals. When increasing the hippocampal seizure risk, the concentrations of normetanephrine, serine, aspartate, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were the most prominent; however, there were no specific, consistent changes prior to individual seizures.
AB - Epilepsy produces chronic chemical changes induced by altered cellular structures, and acute ones produced by conditions leading into individual seizures. Here, we aim to quantify 24 molecules simultaneously at baseline and during periods of lowered seizure threshold in rats. Using serial hippocampal microdialysis collections starting two weeks after the pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus, we evaluated how this chronic epilepsy model affects molecule levels and their interactions. Then, we quantified the changes occurring when the brain moves into a pro-seizure state using a novel model of physiological ictogenesis. Compared with controls, pilocarpine animals had significantly decreased baseline levels of adenosine, homovanillic acid, and serotonin, but significantly increased levels of choline, glutamate, phenylalanine, and tyrosine. Step-wise linear regression identified that choline, homovanillic acid, adenosine, and serotonin are the most important features to characterize the difference in the extracellular milieu between pilocarpine and control animals. When increasing the hippocampal seizure risk, the concentrations of normetanephrine, serine, aspartate, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were the most prominent; however, there were no specific, consistent changes prior to individual seizures.
KW - Epilepsy
KW - Hippocampus
KW - Ictogenesis
KW - Microdialysis
KW - Nucleus reuniens
KW - Pilocarpine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054422929&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85054422929&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.10.005
DO - 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.10.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 30304705
AN - SCOPUS:85054422929
VL - 121
SP - 177
EP - 186
JO - Neurobiology of Disease
JF - Neurobiology of Disease
SN - 0969-9961
ER -