Chemically induced reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotent stem cells and neural cells

Dhruba Biswas, Peng Jiang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

43 Scopus citations

Abstract

The ability to generate transplantable neural cells in a large quantity in the laboratory is a critical step in the field of developing stem cell regenerative medicine for neural repair. During the last few years, groundbreaking studies have shown that cell fate of adult somatic cells can be reprogrammed through lineage specific expression of transcription factors (TFs)-and defined culture conditions. This key concept has been used to identify a number of potent small molecules that could enhance the efficiency of reprogramming with TFs. Recently, a growing number of studies have shown that small molecules targeting specific epigenetic and signaling pathways can replace all of the reprogramming TFs. Here, we provide a detailed review of the studies reporting the generation of chemically induced pluripotent stem cells (ciPSCs), neural stem cells (ciNSCs), and neurons (ciN). We also discuss the main mechanisms of actions and the pathways that the small molecules regulate during chemical reprogramming.

Original languageEnglish (US)
JournalInternational journal of molecular sciences
Volume17
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 6 2016

Keywords

  • Chemical reprogramming
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells
  • Neural stem cells
  • Neurons
  • Reprogramming
  • Small molecules

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Catalysis
  • Molecular Biology
  • Spectroscopy
  • Computer Science Applications
  • Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

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