Chloroviruses have a sweet tooth

James L. Van Etten; Irina Agarkova; David D. Dunigan; Michela Tonetti; Cristina De Castro; Garry A. Duncan

doi:10.3390/v9040088

Chloroviruses have a sweet tooth

James L. Van Etten, Irina Agarkova, David D. Dunigan, Michela Tonetti, Cristina De Castro, Garry A. Duncan

Plant Pathology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

35 Scopus citations

Abstract

Chloroviruses are large double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses that infect certain isolates of chlorella-like green algae. They contain up to approximately 400 protein-encoding genes and 16 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. This review summarizes the unexpected finding that many of the chlorovirus genes encode proteins involved in manipulating carbohydrates. These include enzymes involved in making extracellular polysaccharides, such as hyaluronan and chitin, enzymes that make nucleotide sugars, such as GDP-L-fucose and GDP-D-rhamnose and enzymes involved in the synthesis of glycans attached to the virus major capsid proteins. This latter process differs from that of all other glycoprotein containing viruses that traditionally use the host endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi machinery to synthesize and transfer the glycans.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	88
Pages (from-to)	1-23
Number of pages	23
Journal	Viruses
Volume	9
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/v9040088
State	Published - Apr 22 2017

Keywords

Chitin synthesis
Chloroviruses
Giant viruses
Glycan structures
Glycan synthesis
Glycoproteins
Hyaluronan synthesis
Nucleotide sugar synthesis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Infectious Diseases
Virology

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10.3390/v9040088

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title = "Chloroviruses have a sweet tooth",

abstract = "Chloroviruses are large double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses that infect certain isolates of chlorella-like green algae. They contain up to approximately 400 protein-encoding genes and 16 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. This review summarizes the unexpected finding that many of the chlorovirus genes encode proteins involved in manipulating carbohydrates. These include enzymes involved in making extracellular polysaccharides, such as hyaluronan and chitin, enzymes that make nucleotide sugars, such as GDP-L-fucose and GDP-D-rhamnose and enzymes involved in the synthesis of glycans attached to the virus major capsid proteins. This latter process differs from that of all other glycoprotein containing viruses that traditionally use the host endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi machinery to synthesize and transfer the glycans.",

keywords = "Chitin synthesis, Chloroviruses, Giant viruses, Glycan structures, Glycan synthesis, Glycoproteins, Hyaluronan synthesis, Nucleotide sugar synthesis",

author = "{Van Etten}, {James L.} and Irina Agarkova and Dunigan, {David D.} and Michela Tonetti and {De Castro}, Cristina and Duncan, {Garry A.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.",

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doi = "10.3390/v9040088",

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AU - Van Etten, James L.

AU - Agarkova, Irina

AU - Dunigan, David D.

AU - Tonetti, Michela

AU - De Castro, Cristina

AU - Duncan, Garry A.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.

PY - 2017/4/22

Y1 - 2017/4/22

N2 - Chloroviruses are large double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses that infect certain isolates of chlorella-like green algae. They contain up to approximately 400 protein-encoding genes and 16 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. This review summarizes the unexpected finding that many of the chlorovirus genes encode proteins involved in manipulating carbohydrates. These include enzymes involved in making extracellular polysaccharides, such as hyaluronan and chitin, enzymes that make nucleotide sugars, such as GDP-L-fucose and GDP-D-rhamnose and enzymes involved in the synthesis of glycans attached to the virus major capsid proteins. This latter process differs from that of all other glycoprotein containing viruses that traditionally use the host endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi machinery to synthesize and transfer the glycans.

AB - Chloroviruses are large double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses that infect certain isolates of chlorella-like green algae. They contain up to approximately 400 protein-encoding genes and 16 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. This review summarizes the unexpected finding that many of the chlorovirus genes encode proteins involved in manipulating carbohydrates. These include enzymes involved in making extracellular polysaccharides, such as hyaluronan and chitin, enzymes that make nucleotide sugars, such as GDP-L-fucose and GDP-D-rhamnose and enzymes involved in the synthesis of glycans attached to the virus major capsid proteins. This latter process differs from that of all other glycoprotein containing viruses that traditionally use the host endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi machinery to synthesize and transfer the glycans.

KW - Chitin synthesis

KW - Chloroviruses

KW - Giant viruses

KW - Glycan structures

KW - Glycan synthesis

KW - Glycoproteins

KW - Hyaluronan synthesis

KW - Nucleotide sugar synthesis

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Chloroviruses have a sweet tooth

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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