Clinical factors associated with moderate hyperopia in preschool children with normal stereopsis and visual acuity

A total of 117 children 3-5 years of age with moderate hyperopia in at least one eye, age-normal unaided visual acuity, age-normal stereoacuity, no significant anisometropia or astigmatism, and no strabismus were enrolled in a 3-year randomized clinical trial to compare visual outcomes and ocular alignment in children assigned to immediate glasses or to observation and glasses if deterioration of visual acuity, stereoacuity, or alignment occurred. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate relationships among baseline characteristics. We found a moderate association between higher amounts of uncorrected hyperopia and greater accommodative lag (n = 57; R = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.05-0.53). Higher amounts of hyperopia were weakly associated with worse uncorrected distance visual acuity (n = 117; R = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.06-0.41), and better stereoacuity was weakly associated with better uncorrected near acuity (n = 99; R = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.04-0.42).