TY - JOUR
T1 - Combined exercise reduces arterial stiffness, blood pressure, and blood markers for cardiovascular risk in Postmenopausal women with hypertension
AU - Son, Won Mok
AU - Sung, Ki Dong
AU - Cho, Jae Min
AU - Park, Song Young
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 by The North American Menopause Society.
PY - 2016/10/24
Y1 - 2016/10/24
N2 - Objective: Postmenopausal women exhibit elevated brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), an indicator of arterial stiffness, which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of combined resistance and aerobic exercise training on baPWV, blood pressure (BP), and cardiovascular fitness in postmenopausal women with stage 1 hypertension. Methods: Twenty postmenopausal women (age, 75 ± 2 y; systolic BP, 152 ± 2 mm Hg, diastolic BP, 95 ± 3 mm Hg) were randomly assigned to a "no-exercise" (CON, n= 10) or combined exercise (EX, n= 10) group. The EX group performed resistance and aerobic exercise for 12 weeks, 3 times per week. Exercise intensity was increased gradually, from 40% to 70% of heart rate reserve, every 4 weeks. BaPWV, BP, blood nitrite/nitrate, endothelin-1 (ET-1), cardiovascular fitness, and body composition were measured before and after the 12-week intervention. Results: BP, baPWV (-1.2±0.4m/s), ET-1 (-2.7 ±0.3 mmol/mL), nitrite/nitrate (+4.5 ±0.5 mM), functional capacity, and body composition were significantly improved (P < 0.05) in the EX group after 12 weeks of training, but no changes were observed in the CON group. Conclusions: These findings indicate that 12 weeks of combined exercise training improves arterial stiffness, BP, ET-1, blood nitrite/nitrate, functional capacity, and body composition in postmenopausal women with stage 1 hypertension. Thus, this study provides evidence that combined exercise training is a useful therapeutic method to improve cardiovascular health which can reduce cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women with hypertension.
AB - Objective: Postmenopausal women exhibit elevated brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), an indicator of arterial stiffness, which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of combined resistance and aerobic exercise training on baPWV, blood pressure (BP), and cardiovascular fitness in postmenopausal women with stage 1 hypertension. Methods: Twenty postmenopausal women (age, 75 ± 2 y; systolic BP, 152 ± 2 mm Hg, diastolic BP, 95 ± 3 mm Hg) were randomly assigned to a "no-exercise" (CON, n= 10) or combined exercise (EX, n= 10) group. The EX group performed resistance and aerobic exercise for 12 weeks, 3 times per week. Exercise intensity was increased gradually, from 40% to 70% of heart rate reserve, every 4 weeks. BaPWV, BP, blood nitrite/nitrate, endothelin-1 (ET-1), cardiovascular fitness, and body composition were measured before and after the 12-week intervention. Results: BP, baPWV (-1.2±0.4m/s), ET-1 (-2.7 ±0.3 mmol/mL), nitrite/nitrate (+4.5 ±0.5 mM), functional capacity, and body composition were significantly improved (P < 0.05) in the EX group after 12 weeks of training, but no changes were observed in the CON group. Conclusions: These findings indicate that 12 weeks of combined exercise training improves arterial stiffness, BP, ET-1, blood nitrite/nitrate, functional capacity, and body composition in postmenopausal women with stage 1 hypertension. Thus, this study provides evidence that combined exercise training is a useful therapeutic method to improve cardiovascular health which can reduce cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women with hypertension.
KW - Arterial stiffness
KW - Combined exercise
KW - Hypertension
KW - Menopause
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U2 - 10.1097/GME.0000000000000765
DO - 10.1097/GME.0000000000000765
M3 - Article
C2 - 27779565
AN - SCOPUS:84992343763
SN - 1072-3714
VL - 24
SP - 262
EP - 268
JO - Menopause
JF - Menopause
IS - 3
ER -