TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of b-Cell function between overweight/Obese adults and adolescents across the spectrum of glycemia
AU - Chen, Melinda E.
AU - Chandramouli, Aaditya G.
AU - Considine, Robert V.
AU - Hannon, Tamara S.
AU - Mather, Kieren J.
N1 - Funding Information:
study for providing new opportunities for productive collaboration, which ultimately allowed the conception of this study. Funding. This project was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development grant R03-HD-057532 [to T.S.H.] and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [NIDDK] grant 2R44-DK-072637 [to K.J.M.]). The Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute is supported by NIH/National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences grants UL1-TR-001108, TR-000006, and RR-025671. M.E.C. was supported by NIH/NIDDK grant 2T32-DK-065549. Duality of Interest. No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. Author Contributions. M.E.C. contributed to data analysis, drafted the initial manuscript, reviewed and revised the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as submitted. A.G.C. contributed to data analysis and approved the final manuscript as submitted. R.V.C. collected data, contributed to the discussion, reviewed the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as submitted. T.S.H. and K.J.M. conceptualized the study, collected data, critically reviewed the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as
Funding Information:
This project was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development grant R03- HD-057532 [to T.S.H.] and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [NIDDK] grant 2R44- DK-072637 [to K.J.M.]). The Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute is supported by NIH/National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences grants UL1- TR-001108, TR-000006, and RR-025671. M.E.C. was supported by NIH/NIDDK grant 2T32- DK-065549
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 by the American Diabetes Association.
PY - 2018/2/1
Y1 - 2018/2/1
N2 - OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes is a growing health problem among both adults and adolescents. To better understand the differences in the pathogenesis of diabetes between these groups we examined differences in b-cell function along the spectrum of glucose tolerance RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated 89 adults and 50 adolescents with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) dysglycemia, or type 2 diabetes. Oral glucose tolerance test results were used for C-peptide and insulin/glucose minimal modeling. Model-derived and direct mea sures of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were compared across glycemic stages and between age-groups at each stage. RESULTS In adolescents with dysglycemia, there was marked insulin resistance (insulin sensi tivity index: adolescents, median [interquartile range] 1.8 [1.1–2.4] 3 1024; adults 5.0 [2.3–9.9]; P = 0.01). The nature of b-cell dysfunction across stages of dysglycemia differed between the groups. We observed higher levels of secretion among adoles cents than adults (total insulin secretion: NGT, 143 [103–284] 3 1029/min adolescen vs. 106 [71–127], P = 0.001); adults showed stepwise impairments in static insulin secretion (NGT, 7.5 [4.0–10.3] 3 1029/min; dysglycemia, 5.0 [2.3–9.9]; type 2 di abetes, 0.7 [0.1–2.45]; P = 0.003), whereas adolescents showed diabetes-related impairment in dynamic secretion (NGT, 1,905 [1,630–3,913] 3 1029; dysglycemia 2,703 [1,323–3,637]; type 2 diabetes, 1,189 [269–1,410]; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Adults and adolescents differ in the underlying defects leading to dysglycemia, and in the nature of b-cell dysfunction across stages of dysglycemia. These results may suggest different approaches to diabetes prevention in youths versus adults.
AB - OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes is a growing health problem among both adults and adolescents. To better understand the differences in the pathogenesis of diabetes between these groups we examined differences in b-cell function along the spectrum of glucose tolerance RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated 89 adults and 50 adolescents with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) dysglycemia, or type 2 diabetes. Oral glucose tolerance test results were used for C-peptide and insulin/glucose minimal modeling. Model-derived and direct mea sures of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were compared across glycemic stages and between age-groups at each stage. RESULTS In adolescents with dysglycemia, there was marked insulin resistance (insulin sensi tivity index: adolescents, median [interquartile range] 1.8 [1.1–2.4] 3 1024; adults 5.0 [2.3–9.9]; P = 0.01). The nature of b-cell dysfunction across stages of dysglycemia differed between the groups. We observed higher levels of secretion among adoles cents than adults (total insulin secretion: NGT, 143 [103–284] 3 1029/min adolescen vs. 106 [71–127], P = 0.001); adults showed stepwise impairments in static insulin secretion (NGT, 7.5 [4.0–10.3] 3 1029/min; dysglycemia, 5.0 [2.3–9.9]; type 2 di abetes, 0.7 [0.1–2.45]; P = 0.003), whereas adolescents showed diabetes-related impairment in dynamic secretion (NGT, 1,905 [1,630–3,913] 3 1029; dysglycemia 2,703 [1,323–3,637]; type 2 diabetes, 1,189 [269–1,410]; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Adults and adolescents differ in the underlying defects leading to dysglycemia, and in the nature of b-cell dysfunction across stages of dysglycemia. These results may suggest different approaches to diabetes prevention in youths versus adults.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85041179088&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85041179088&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2337/dc17-1373
DO - 10.2337/dc17-1373
M3 - Article
C2 - 29183909
AN - SCOPUS:85041179088
VL - 41
SP - 318
EP - 325
JO - Diabetes Care
JF - Diabetes Care
SN - 1935-5548
IS - 2
ER -