TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of the kinetic parameters of the truncated catalytic subunit and holoenzyme of human DNA polymerase ɛ
AU - Zahurancik, Walter J.
AU - Baranovskiy, Andrey G.
AU - Tahirov, Tahir H.
AU - Suo, Zucai
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2015/5/1
Y1 - 2015/5/1
N2 - Numerous genetic studies have provided compelling evidence to establish DNA polymerase e{open} (Pole{open}) as the primary DNA polymerase responsible for leading strand synthesis during eukaryotic nuclear genome replication. Pole{open} is a heterotetramer consisting of a large catalytic subunit that contains the conserved polymerase core domain as well as a 3'. →. 5' exonuclease domain common to many replicative polymerases. In addition, Pole{open} possesses three small subunits that lack a known catalytic activity but associate with components involved in a variety of DNA replication and maintenance processes. Previous enzymatic characterization of the Pole{open} heterotetramer from budding yeast suggested that the small subunits slightly enhance DNA synthesis by Pole{open} in vitro. However, similar studies of the human Pole{open} heterotetramer (hPole{open}) have been limited by the difficulty of obtaining hPole{open} in quantities suitable for thorough investigation of its catalytic activity. Utilization of a baculovirus expression system for overexpression and purification of hPole{open} from insect host cells has allowed for isolation of greater amounts of active hPole{open}, thus enabling a more detailed kinetic comparison between hPole{open} and an active N-terminal fragment of the hPole{open} catalytic subunit (p261N), which is readily overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Here, we report the first pre-steady-state studies of fully-assembled hPole{open}. We observe that the small subunits increase DNA binding by hPole{open} relative to p261N, but do not increase processivity during DNA synthesis on a single-stranded M13 template. Interestingly, the 3'. →. 5' exonuclease activity of hPole{open} is reduced relative to p261N on matched and mismatched DNA substrates, indicating that the presence of the small subunits may regulate the proofreading activity of hPole{open} and sway hPole{open} toward DNA synthesis rather than proofreading.
AB - Numerous genetic studies have provided compelling evidence to establish DNA polymerase e{open} (Pole{open}) as the primary DNA polymerase responsible for leading strand synthesis during eukaryotic nuclear genome replication. Pole{open} is a heterotetramer consisting of a large catalytic subunit that contains the conserved polymerase core domain as well as a 3'. →. 5' exonuclease domain common to many replicative polymerases. In addition, Pole{open} possesses three small subunits that lack a known catalytic activity but associate with components involved in a variety of DNA replication and maintenance processes. Previous enzymatic characterization of the Pole{open} heterotetramer from budding yeast suggested that the small subunits slightly enhance DNA synthesis by Pole{open} in vitro. However, similar studies of the human Pole{open} heterotetramer (hPole{open}) have been limited by the difficulty of obtaining hPole{open} in quantities suitable for thorough investigation of its catalytic activity. Utilization of a baculovirus expression system for overexpression and purification of hPole{open} from insect host cells has allowed for isolation of greater amounts of active hPole{open}, thus enabling a more detailed kinetic comparison between hPole{open} and an active N-terminal fragment of the hPole{open} catalytic subunit (p261N), which is readily overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Here, we report the first pre-steady-state studies of fully-assembled hPole{open}. We observe that the small subunits increase DNA binding by hPole{open} relative to p261N, but do not increase processivity during DNA synthesis on a single-stranded M13 template. Interestingly, the 3'. →. 5' exonuclease activity of hPole{open} is reduced relative to p261N on matched and mismatched DNA substrates, indicating that the presence of the small subunits may regulate the proofreading activity of hPole{open} and sway hPole{open} toward DNA synthesis rather than proofreading.
KW - 3'→5' exonuclease activity
KW - DNA polymerase epsilon
KW - Human DNA replication
KW - Leading strand replication
KW - Pre-steady-state kinetics
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U2 - 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.01.008
DO - 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.01.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 25684708
AN - SCOPUS:84939941272
SN - 1568-7864
VL - 29
SP - 16
EP - 22
JO - DNA Repair
JF - DNA Repair
ER -