Cross reactivity of immune responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection

Ignacio Correas, Fernando A. Osorio, David Steffen, Asit K. Pattnaik, Hiep L X Vu

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

Because porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) exhibits extensive genetic variation among field isolates, characterizing the extent of cross reactivity of immune responses, and most importantly cell-mediated immunity (CMI), could help in the development of broadly cross-protective vaccines. We infected 12 PRRSV-naïve pigs with PRRSV strain FL12 and determined the number of interferon (IFN)-γ secreting cells (SC) by ELISpot assay using ten type 2 and one type 1 PRRSV isolates as recall antigens. The number of IFN-γ SC was extremely variable among animals, and with exceptions, late to appear. Cross reactivity of IFN-γ SC among type 2 isolates was broad, and we found no evidence of an association between increased genetic distance among isolates and the intensity of the CMI response. Comparable to IFN-γ SC, total antibodies evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) were cross reactive, however, neutralizing antibody titers could only be detected against the strain used for infection. Finally, we observed a moderate association between homologous IFN-γ SC and neutralizing antibodies.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)782-788
Number of pages7
JournalVaccine
Volume35
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 1 2017

Keywords

  • Cell-mediated immunity
  • Heterologous immunity
  • Interferon-γ
  • Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
  • T cell cross reactivity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Molecular Medicine
  • General Immunology and Microbiology
  • General Veterinary
  • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
  • Infectious Diseases

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