@article{89d3878569f94fb0b2095c330d929397,
title = "Cycling of gut mucosal CD4 T cells decreases after prolonged anti-retroviral therapy and is associated with plasma LPS levels",
abstract = "The gut mucosa is an important site of HIV immunopathogenesis with severe depletion of CD4 T cells occurring during acute infection. The effect of prolonged anti-retroviral therapy (ART) on cycling and restoration of T lymphocytes in the gut remains unclear. Colon and terminal ileal biopsies and peripheral blood samples were collected from viremic, untreated, HIV-infected participants, patients treated with prolonged ART (>5 years), and uninfected controls and analyzed by flow cytometry. In the gut, the proportion of cycling T cells decreased and the number of CD4 T cells normalized in treated patients in parallel with Β7 expression on CD4 T cells in blood. Cycling of gut T cells in viremic patients was associated with increased plasma LPS levels, but not colonic HIV-RNA. These data suggest that gut T-cell activation and microbial translocation may be interconnected whereas prolonged ART may decrease activation and restore gut CD4 T cells.",
author = "Ciccone, {E. J.} and Read, {S. W.} and Mannon, {P. J.} and Yao, {M. D.} and Hodge, {J. N.} and R. Dewar and Chairez, {C. L.} and Proschan, {M. A.} and Kovacs, {J. A.} and I. Sereti",
note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge Andrew Redd, Vitaly Ganusov and Michele Di Mascio for their helpful comments and discussion, Jason Brenchley and Danny Douek for their advice regarding the LPS assay, and the staff of the OP8 clinic and the GI suite at the NIH Clinical Center for their assistance with patient recruitment and care. Special thanks to all study participants who volunteered for research gut biopsy procedures. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Program of the NIH, NIAID and Critical Care Medicine Department. In addition, this project has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does it mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government.",
year = "2010",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1038/mi.2009.129",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "3",
pages = "172--181",
journal = "Mucosal Immunology",
issn = "1933-0219",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
number = "2",
}