TY - JOUR
T1 - Differences in Fruit and Vegetable Intake among Hispanic Subgroups in California
T2 - Results from the 2005 California Health Interview Survey
AU - Colón-Ramos, Uriyoán
AU - Thompson, Frances E.
AU - Yaroch, Amy Lazarus
AU - Moser, Richard P.
AU - McNeel, Timothy S.
AU - Dodd, Kevin W.
AU - Atienza, Audie A.
AU - Sugerman, Sharon B.
AU - Nebeling, Linda
N1 - Funding Information:
In California, Hispanics reported higher consumption of fruits and vegetables than non-Hispanic whites and African Americans, although their intake still does not meet the national recommendation. There were no significant differences in total fruit and vegetable intake among different Hispanic subgroups. However, different Hispanic subgroups reported differences in intake of specific fruits and vegetables. As Hispanics are the largest minority in the United States, it is increasingly important to examine the health behaviors of this heterogeneous group more carefully. Future research of Hispanics should consider design and adequate sample size to capture any potential diversity in health behaviors. Also, public health programs that wish to promote fruit and vegetable consumption among Hispanics should consider the heterogeneous nature of this population. STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: The authors thank Susan Foerster, MPH, RD, Network for a Healthy California, for providing assistance and support during this project. F. E. Thompson is an epidemiologist, Risk Factor Monitoring and Methods Branch, Applied Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. A. L. Yaroch is director, Center for Human Nutrition, Omaha, NE; at the time of the study, she was a behavioral scientist and program director, Health Promotion Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. R. P. Moser is a research psychologist, Office of the Associate Director, Health Promotion Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. L. Nebeling is chief with the Health Promotion Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. A. A. Atienza is a behavioral scientist and program director, Health Promotion Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. T. S. McNeel is a senior systems analyst, Information Management Services, Inc, Silver Spring, MD. K. W. Dodd is a mathematical statistician, Biometry Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. S. B. Sugerman is a research scientist II, California Department of Health Cancer Prevention and Nutrition Section, Research and Evaluation Unit, Sacramento, CA.
PY - 2009/11
Y1 - 2009/11
N2 - Objective: To compare total fruit and vegetable intake in cup equivalents and its individual components among Hispanic subgroups in California. Methods: Data are from the adult portion of the 2005 California Health Interview Survey. Hispanic/Latino subjects (n=7,954) were grouped into six subcategories (Mexican, Central American, Caribbean, Spanish American, South American, and >1 group). Total fruit and vegetable intake in cup equivalents was estimated from frequency responses about seven food categories. Both t test and χ2 test were used to assess differences in sociodemographic characteristics across Hispanic subgroups. Multivariate linear regressions using SUDAAN software (Survey Data Analysis, version 9.0.1, 2005, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC) were conducted to obtain means of total fruit and vegetable intake in cup equivalents and its components by Hispanic subgroups controlling for confounders. Results: Hispanic subgroups did not differ in their intake of total fruit and vegetable intake in cup equivalents (mean 3.4 c and 2.9 c for men and women, respectively). Small but significant differences (P<0.01) were found across Hispanic subgroups in individual fruit and vegetable components (green salad [women only], cooked dried beans and nonfried white potatoes) after adjusting for potential sociodemographic and acculturation confounders. Conclusions: Fruit and vegetable intake by Hispanic respondents did not meet the national recommendation, although their reported intake is higher compared to other race/ethnicity groups. The public health message remains the same: Increase fruit and vegetable intake. Examination of intake for subgroups of Hispanics may enhance the utility of dietary information for surveillance, program and message design, and intervention and evaluation.
AB - Objective: To compare total fruit and vegetable intake in cup equivalents and its individual components among Hispanic subgroups in California. Methods: Data are from the adult portion of the 2005 California Health Interview Survey. Hispanic/Latino subjects (n=7,954) were grouped into six subcategories (Mexican, Central American, Caribbean, Spanish American, South American, and >1 group). Total fruit and vegetable intake in cup equivalents was estimated from frequency responses about seven food categories. Both t test and χ2 test were used to assess differences in sociodemographic characteristics across Hispanic subgroups. Multivariate linear regressions using SUDAAN software (Survey Data Analysis, version 9.0.1, 2005, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC) were conducted to obtain means of total fruit and vegetable intake in cup equivalents and its components by Hispanic subgroups controlling for confounders. Results: Hispanic subgroups did not differ in their intake of total fruit and vegetable intake in cup equivalents (mean 3.4 c and 2.9 c for men and women, respectively). Small but significant differences (P<0.01) were found across Hispanic subgroups in individual fruit and vegetable components (green salad [women only], cooked dried beans and nonfried white potatoes) after adjusting for potential sociodemographic and acculturation confounders. Conclusions: Fruit and vegetable intake by Hispanic respondents did not meet the national recommendation, although their reported intake is higher compared to other race/ethnicity groups. The public health message remains the same: Increase fruit and vegetable intake. Examination of intake for subgroups of Hispanics may enhance the utility of dietary information for surveillance, program and message design, and intervention and evaluation.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jada.2009.08.015
DO - 10.1016/j.jada.2009.08.015
M3 - Article
C2 - 19857629
AN - SCOPUS:70350437414
SN - 0002-8223
VL - 109
SP - 1878
EP - 1885
JO - Journal of the American Dietetic Association
JF - Journal of the American Dietetic Association
IS - 11
ER -