TY - JOUR
T1 - Dysfunctional social reinforcement processing in disruptive behavior disorders
T2 - An functional magnetic resonance imaging study
AU - Hwang, Soonjo
AU - Meffert, Harma
AU - Van Tieghem, Michelle R.
AU - Sinclair, Stephen
AU - Bookheimer, Susan Y.
AU - Vaughan, Brigette
AU - Blair, R. J.R.
N1 - Funding Information:
Data collection for this study was supported by the Intramural Research Program at the National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health under grant number 1-ZIA-MH002860-08 to Dr. Blair. In addition, this work was supported by 1-K22 MH109558-01. None of the authors has conflict of interest in regard to this study.
PY - 2018/11
Y1 - 2018/11
N2 - Objective: Prior functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) work has revealed that children/adolescents with disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) show dysfunctional reward/non-reward processing of non-social reinforcements in the context of instrumental learning tasks. Neural responsiveness to social reinforcements during instrumental learning, despite the importance of this for socialization, has not yet been previously investigated. Methods: Twenty-nine healthy children/adolescents and 19 children/adolescents with DBDs performed the fMRI social/ non-social reinforcement learning task. Participants responded to random fractal image stimuli and received social and non-social rewards/non-rewards according to their accuracy. Results: Children/adolescents with DBDs showed significantly reduced responses within the caudate and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) to non-social (financial) rewards and social non-rewards (the distress of others). Connectivity analyses revealed that children/adolescents with DBDs have decreased positive functional connectivity between the ventral striatum (VST) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) seeds and the lateral frontal cortex in response to reward relative to non-reward, irrespective of its sociality. In addition, they showed decreased positive connectivity between the vmPFC seed and the amygdala in response to non-reward relative to reward. Conclusion: These data indicate compromised reinforcement processing of both non-social rewards and social non-rewards in children/adolescents with DBDs within core regions for instrumental learning and reinforcement-based decision-making (caudate and PCC). In addition, children/adolescents with DBDs show dysfunctional interactions between the VST, vmPFC, and lateral frontal cortex in response to rewarded instrumental actions potentially reflecting disruptions in attention to rewarded stimuli.
AB - Objective: Prior functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) work has revealed that children/adolescents with disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) show dysfunctional reward/non-reward processing of non-social reinforcements in the context of instrumental learning tasks. Neural responsiveness to social reinforcements during instrumental learning, despite the importance of this for socialization, has not yet been previously investigated. Methods: Twenty-nine healthy children/adolescents and 19 children/adolescents with DBDs performed the fMRI social/ non-social reinforcement learning task. Participants responded to random fractal image stimuli and received social and non-social rewards/non-rewards according to their accuracy. Results: Children/adolescents with DBDs showed significantly reduced responses within the caudate and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) to non-social (financial) rewards and social non-rewards (the distress of others). Connectivity analyses revealed that children/adolescents with DBDs have decreased positive functional connectivity between the ventral striatum (VST) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) seeds and the lateral frontal cortex in response to reward relative to non-reward, irrespective of its sociality. In addition, they showed decreased positive connectivity between the vmPFC seed and the amygdala in response to non-reward relative to reward. Conclusion: These data indicate compromised reinforcement processing of both non-social rewards and social non-rewards in children/adolescents with DBDs within core regions for instrumental learning and reinforcement-based decision-making (caudate and PCC). In addition, children/adolescents with DBDs show dysfunctional interactions between the VST, vmPFC, and lateral frontal cortex in response to rewarded instrumental actions potentially reflecting disruptions in attention to rewarded stimuli.
KW - Caudate
KW - Disruptive behavior disorder
KW - Posterior cingulate cortex
KW - Social reward
KW - Ventral striatum
KW - Ventro-medial prefrontal cortex.
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U2 - 10.9758/cpn.2018.16.1.449
DO - 10.9758/cpn.2018.16.1.449
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85055857189
VL - 16
SP - 449
EP - 460
JO - Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
JF - Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
SN - 1738-1088
IS - 4
ER -