TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of protein source and soluble carbohydrate addition on rumen fermentation and lactation performance of Holstein cows
AU - McCormick, M. E.
AU - Redfearn, D. D.
AU - Ward, J. D.
AU - Blouin, D. C.
PY - 2001/7
Y1 - 2001/7
N2 - Rumen in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of rumen undegradable protein and soluble carbohydrates on rumen ammonia N release and lactation performance of Holstein cows. In the in vitro experiment, freeze-dried annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum, LAM) pasture was supplemented 1:1 with ground corn-based grain supplements containing expeller or solvent soybean meal with sucrose or lactose supplements at 0, 2.5, or 5% of dry matter (DM). The ammonia release rate was slower with expeller compared with solvent soybean meal-supplemented diets. Sucrose supplementation at the 5% level lowered rumen ammonia concentrations, but lactose-fortification of grain supplements was without effect. In the in vivo study, 32 multiparous Holstein cows were blocked according to milk yield and randomly assigned to corn-based grain supplements containing 1) solvent soybean meal, 2) solvent soybean meal + 5% sucrose supplement, 3) expeller soybean meal, or 4) expeller soybean meal + 5% sucrose supplement. Grain supplements and fresh annual ryegrass were component fed at approximately a 1:1 grain to forage ratio (DM basis). Forage DM intake was higher for cows receiving solvent soybean meal supplemented grain supplements than those receiving expeller soybean meal (12.2 ± 2.1 vs. 11.4 ± 2.2 kg/d), but total DM intake was similar for all diets (22.8 ± 2.9 kg/d). Fat-corrected milk yield was similar for all diets averaging 37.5, 38.2, 39.1, and 37.6 kg/d for diets 1 to 4, respectively. Rumen fermentation, milk urea nitrogen, and body condition were unaffected by supplements; however, cows fed grain supplement 1 utilized dietary energy more efficiently than cows offered the other dietary treatments. High dietary crude protein concentrations may have limited lactation response to rumen undegradable protein and sugar.
AB - Rumen in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of rumen undegradable protein and soluble carbohydrates on rumen ammonia N release and lactation performance of Holstein cows. In the in vitro experiment, freeze-dried annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum, LAM) pasture was supplemented 1:1 with ground corn-based grain supplements containing expeller or solvent soybean meal with sucrose or lactose supplements at 0, 2.5, or 5% of dry matter (DM). The ammonia release rate was slower with expeller compared with solvent soybean meal-supplemented diets. Sucrose supplementation at the 5% level lowered rumen ammonia concentrations, but lactose-fortification of grain supplements was without effect. In the in vivo study, 32 multiparous Holstein cows were blocked according to milk yield and randomly assigned to corn-based grain supplements containing 1) solvent soybean meal, 2) solvent soybean meal + 5% sucrose supplement, 3) expeller soybean meal, or 4) expeller soybean meal + 5% sucrose supplement. Grain supplements and fresh annual ryegrass were component fed at approximately a 1:1 grain to forage ratio (DM basis). Forage DM intake was higher for cows receiving solvent soybean meal supplemented grain supplements than those receiving expeller soybean meal (12.2 ± 2.1 vs. 11.4 ± 2.2 kg/d), but total DM intake was similar for all diets (22.8 ± 2.9 kg/d). Fat-corrected milk yield was similar for all diets averaging 37.5, 38.2, 39.1, and 37.6 kg/d for diets 1 to 4, respectively. Rumen fermentation, milk urea nitrogen, and body condition were unaffected by supplements; however, cows fed grain supplement 1 utilized dietary energy more efficiently than cows offered the other dietary treatments. High dietary crude protein concentrations may have limited lactation response to rumen undegradable protein and sugar.
KW - Dairy cow
KW - Lactation
KW - Rumen undegradable protein
KW - Soluble carbohydrate
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035406192&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0035406192&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74604-8
DO - 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74604-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 11467819
AN - SCOPUS:0035406192
SN - 0022-0302
VL - 84
SP - 1686
EP - 1697
JO - Journal of Dairy Science
JF - Journal of Dairy Science
IS - 7
ER -