TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor on arsenic associated toxicity in the rat bladder epithelium
AU - Suzuki, Shugo
AU - Arnold, Lora L.
AU - Pennington, Karen L.
AU - Chen, Baowei
AU - Le, X. Chris
AU - Cohen, Samuel M.
PY - 2009/6/1
Y1 - 2009/6/1
N2 - Arsenite (AsIII), an inorganic arsenical, is a known human carcinogen, inducing tumors of the skin, urinary bladder and lung. It is known to be metabolized to organic methylated arsenicals in vivo. AsIII has been reported to have the ability to up-regulate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-associated pathway in epithelial cells, including human urothelial cells in vitro. EGFR is a cell-surface receptor belonging to the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, and the EGFR-associated signaling pathway has been reported to play an important role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression, including in bladder cancer. In this study, we investigated the growth effects of AsIII and an organic trivalent arsenical, dimethylarsinous acid (DMAIII), and the effects of co-exposure of gefitinib, an EGFR inhibitor, with AsIII to a rat urothelial cell line (MYP3). We also investigated the effects of co-administration of dietary AsIII and gefitinib in vivo. In vitro, concentrations of 1.0 μM AsIII or 0.5 μM DMAIII induced cytotoxicity. However, lower concentrations of AsIII treatment had a slight mitogenic growth effect whereas lower concentrations of DMAIII did not. Gefitinib blocked AsIII-induced cell growth in vitro. In vivo, a high dose of gefitinib alone induced slight urothelial cytotoxicity, and did not reduce cytotoxicity and regenerative cell proliferation when co-administered with AsIII. The majority of arsenic metabolites present in the urine of AsIII-treated rats were organic arsenicals, mainly dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV). AsIII was also present, and its concentration was higher than the concentration required to produce cytotoxicity in vitro. These data suggest that an EGFR inhibitor has the ability to block AsIII-induced cell proliferation in vitro but not in vivo in a short-term study.
AB - Arsenite (AsIII), an inorganic arsenical, is a known human carcinogen, inducing tumors of the skin, urinary bladder and lung. It is known to be metabolized to organic methylated arsenicals in vivo. AsIII has been reported to have the ability to up-regulate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-associated pathway in epithelial cells, including human urothelial cells in vitro. EGFR is a cell-surface receptor belonging to the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, and the EGFR-associated signaling pathway has been reported to play an important role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression, including in bladder cancer. In this study, we investigated the growth effects of AsIII and an organic trivalent arsenical, dimethylarsinous acid (DMAIII), and the effects of co-exposure of gefitinib, an EGFR inhibitor, with AsIII to a rat urothelial cell line (MYP3). We also investigated the effects of co-administration of dietary AsIII and gefitinib in vivo. In vitro, concentrations of 1.0 μM AsIII or 0.5 μM DMAIII induced cytotoxicity. However, lower concentrations of AsIII treatment had a slight mitogenic growth effect whereas lower concentrations of DMAIII did not. Gefitinib blocked AsIII-induced cell growth in vitro. In vivo, a high dose of gefitinib alone induced slight urothelial cytotoxicity, and did not reduce cytotoxicity and regenerative cell proliferation when co-administered with AsIII. The majority of arsenic metabolites present in the urine of AsIII-treated rats were organic arsenicals, mainly dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV). AsIII was also present, and its concentration was higher than the concentration required to produce cytotoxicity in vitro. These data suggest that an EGFR inhibitor has the ability to block AsIII-induced cell proliferation in vitro but not in vivo in a short-term study.
KW - Arsenite (As)
KW - Dimethylarsinous acid (DMA)
KW - Epidermal growth factor (EGF)
KW - Urinary bladder
KW - Urothelial cell cytotoxicity
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=63249101113&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.02.013
DO - 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.02.013
M3 - Article
C2 - 19429254
AN - SCOPUS:63249101113
VL - 187
SP - 124
EP - 129
JO - Toxicology Letters
JF - Toxicology Letters
SN - 0378-4274
IS - 2
ER -