TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of anatabine and unilateral maximal eccentric isokinetic muscle actions on serum markers of muscle damage and inflammation
AU - Jenkins, Nathaniel D.M.
AU - Housh, Terry J.
AU - Cochrane, Kristen C.
AU - Bergstrom, Haley C.
AU - Traylor, Daniel A.
AU - Lewis, Robert W.
AU - Buckner, Samuel L.
AU - Schmidt, Richard J.
AU - Johnson, Glen O.
AU - Cramer, Joel T.
PY - 2014/4/5
Y1 - 2014/4/5
N2 - The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of anatabine supplementation in conjunction with unilateral, maximal eccentric isokinetic muscle actions on serum markers of muscle damage and pro-inflammatory cytokines in humans. Seventeen men (mean±S.D. age=22.4±3.2 yrs) participated in this double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Participants were randomly assigned to two 10-day conditions (anatabine and placebo) separated by a 2-4 week washout period. After seven days of supplementation, blood was sampled immediately prior to PRE, immediately following POST, and 24, 48, and 72 h after 6 sets of 10 repetitions of unilateral, maximal eccentric isokinetic forearm flexion exercise. Concentrations of serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, myoglobin, high sensitivity c-reactive protein, and TNF-α were measured. Creatine kinase, myoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase increased (P<0.05), while high sensitivity c-reactive protein and TNF-α did not change (P>0.05) after the eccentric exercise during both conditions. Lactate dehydrogenase was higher (P<0.05) during the anatabine condition. The primary findings of this study were two-fold: (a) anatabine had no beneficial effects on traditional markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and myoglobin) compared to placebo after the eccentric exercise protocol, and (b) the eccentric exercise protocol did not elicit increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (c-reactive protein and TNF-α). Future studies are needed to examine the effects of anatabine on naturally-occurring inflammation that is common with aging or obesity. Furthermore, additional research is needed to examine the relationship between muscle damage and inflammation after eccentric exercises of different modes, durations, and intensities.
AB - The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of anatabine supplementation in conjunction with unilateral, maximal eccentric isokinetic muscle actions on serum markers of muscle damage and pro-inflammatory cytokines in humans. Seventeen men (mean±S.D. age=22.4±3.2 yrs) participated in this double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Participants were randomly assigned to two 10-day conditions (anatabine and placebo) separated by a 2-4 week washout period. After seven days of supplementation, blood was sampled immediately prior to PRE, immediately following POST, and 24, 48, and 72 h after 6 sets of 10 repetitions of unilateral, maximal eccentric isokinetic forearm flexion exercise. Concentrations of serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, myoglobin, high sensitivity c-reactive protein, and TNF-α were measured. Creatine kinase, myoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase increased (P<0.05), while high sensitivity c-reactive protein and TNF-α did not change (P>0.05) after the eccentric exercise during both conditions. Lactate dehydrogenase was higher (P<0.05) during the anatabine condition. The primary findings of this study were two-fold: (a) anatabine had no beneficial effects on traditional markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and myoglobin) compared to placebo after the eccentric exercise protocol, and (b) the eccentric exercise protocol did not elicit increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (c-reactive protein and TNF-α). Future studies are needed to examine the effects of anatabine on naturally-occurring inflammation that is common with aging or obesity. Furthermore, additional research is needed to examine the relationship between muscle damage and inflammation after eccentric exercises of different modes, durations, and intensities.
KW - Anatabine
KW - Cytokines
KW - Eccentric muscle damage
KW - Muscle function
KW - Supplementation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84894639869&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84894639869&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.054
DO - 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.054
M3 - Article
C2 - 24509134
AN - SCOPUS:84894639869
VL - 728
SP - 161
EP - 166
JO - European Journal of Pharmacology
JF - European Journal of Pharmacology
SN - 0014-2999
IS - 1
ER -