TY - JOUR
T1 - Endosomal vacuoles of the prepupal salivary glands of Drosophila play an essential role in the metabolic reallocation of iron
AU - Farkaš, Robert
AU - Beňová-Liszeková, Denisa
AU - Mentelová, Lucia
AU - Beňo, Milan
AU - Babišová, Klaudia
AU - Trusinová-Pečeňová, Ludmila
AU - Raška, Otakar
AU - Chase, Bruce A.
AU - Raška, Ivan
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Andy Andres and Bloomington Stock Center for their fly stocks, Greg Guild, David Hogness, Carl Thummel, and DSHB Iowa (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Iowa) for making antibodies available to us. This work was supported, in part, by GACnRgrant P302/12/G157, an UNCE 204022, OPPK Grant CZ.2.16/3.1.00/24010, Prvouk/LF1/1 and Progres Q28 to I.R., a VEGA 2/0109/13, VEGA 2/0103/17, by NATO grants CRG-972173 and LST.CLG-977559, by MVTS-32060600/ EC-I NStRUCt -FP7-211252 grant, by COST ENBA-CA15216 grant, EEA-Norwegian FM SK-0086 grant, and APVV-16-0219 grant to R.F. The excellent technical assistance of Magdalena Bardačová is acknowledged.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Japanese Society of Developmental Biologists
PY - 2018/9
Y1 - 2018/9
N2 - In the recent past, we demonstrated that a great deal is going on in the salivary glands of Drosophila in the interval after they release their glycoprotein-rich secretory glue during pupariation. The early-to-mid prepupal salivary glands undergo extensive endocytosis with widespread vacuolation of the cytoplasm followed by massive apocrine secretion. Here, we describe additional novel properties of these endosomes. The use of vital pH-sensitive probes provided confirmatory evidence that these endosomes have acidic contents and that there are two types of endocytosis seen in the prepupal glands. The salivary glands simultaneously generate mildly acidic, small, basally-derived endosomes and strongly acidic, large and apical endosomes. Staining of the large vacuoles with vital acidic probes is possible only after there is ambipolar fusion of both basal and apical endosomes, since only basally-derived endosomes can bring fluorescent probes into the vesicular system. We obtained multiple lines of evidence that the small basally-derived endosomes are chiefly involved in the uptake of dietary Fe3+ iron. The fusion of basal endosomes with the larger and strongly acidic apical endosomes appears to facilitate optimal conditions for ferrireductase activity inside the vacuoles to release metabolic Fe2+ iron. While iron was not detectable directly due to limited staining sensitivity, we found increasing fluorescence of the glutathione-sensitive probe CellTracker Blue CMAC in large vacuoles, which appeared to depend on the amount of iron released by ferrireductase. Moreover, heterologous fluorescently-labeled mammalian iron-bound transferrin is actively taken up, providing direct evidence for active iron uptake by basal endocytosis. In addition, we serendipitously found that small (basal) endosomes were uniquely recognized by PNA lectin, whereas large (apical) vacuoles bound DBA lectin.
AB - In the recent past, we demonstrated that a great deal is going on in the salivary glands of Drosophila in the interval after they release their glycoprotein-rich secretory glue during pupariation. The early-to-mid prepupal salivary glands undergo extensive endocytosis with widespread vacuolation of the cytoplasm followed by massive apocrine secretion. Here, we describe additional novel properties of these endosomes. The use of vital pH-sensitive probes provided confirmatory evidence that these endosomes have acidic contents and that there are two types of endocytosis seen in the prepupal glands. The salivary glands simultaneously generate mildly acidic, small, basally-derived endosomes and strongly acidic, large and apical endosomes. Staining of the large vacuoles with vital acidic probes is possible only after there is ambipolar fusion of both basal and apical endosomes, since only basally-derived endosomes can bring fluorescent probes into the vesicular system. We obtained multiple lines of evidence that the small basally-derived endosomes are chiefly involved in the uptake of dietary Fe3+ iron. The fusion of basal endosomes with the larger and strongly acidic apical endosomes appears to facilitate optimal conditions for ferrireductase activity inside the vacuoles to release metabolic Fe2+ iron. While iron was not detectable directly due to limited staining sensitivity, we found increasing fluorescence of the glutathione-sensitive probe CellTracker Blue CMAC in large vacuoles, which appeared to depend on the amount of iron released by ferrireductase. Moreover, heterologous fluorescently-labeled mammalian iron-bound transferrin is actively taken up, providing direct evidence for active iron uptake by basal endocytosis. In addition, we serendipitously found that small (basal) endosomes were uniquely recognized by PNA lectin, whereas large (apical) vacuoles bound DBA lectin.
KW - basal and apical endosomes
KW - iron reallocation
KW - metamorphosis
KW - prepupal period
KW - salivary glands
KW - transferrin uptake
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85052487066&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85052487066&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/dgd.12562
DO - 10.1111/dgd.12562
M3 - Article
C2 - 30123964
AN - SCOPUS:85052487066
VL - 60
SP - 411
EP - 430
JO - Development Growth and Differentiation
JF - Development Growth and Differentiation
SN - 0012-1592
IS - 7
ER -