Ethics and Artificial Intelligence in Radiation Oncology

In this chapter, we aim to overview the main ethical concerns that arise from the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medicine, particularly those that apply to radiation oncology. We then examine some ethical concerns in greater detail, considering how the ethical principles of respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice may apply when addressing these concerns at multiple stages of AI development and implementation. These considerations may provide some of the groundwork needed toward developing a more comprehensive, robust ethical framework for AI applications in Radiation Oncology as this technology becomes more prevalent in medicine.