TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluating pediatric cochlear implant users’ encoding, storage, and retrieval strategies in verbal working memory
AU - AuBuchon, Angela M.
AU - Pisoni, David B.
AU - Kronenberger, William G.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Grants R01DC000111, R01DC009581, R01DC015257, and T32DC000012, awarded to David Pisoni. The authors wish to thank the participants for their time and Bethany Coleson, Shirly Henning, and Lindsay Stone for assisting with data collection.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/4
Y1 - 2019/4
N2 - Purpose: The current study adopts a systematic approach to the examination of working memory components in pediatric cochlear implant (CI) users by separately assessing contributions of encoding, storage, and retrieval. Method: Forty-nine long-term CI users and 56 typically hearing controls completed forward and backward span tasks with 3 stimulus sets: visually presented digits, pictures of concrete nouns, and novel symbols. In addition, measures associated with each memory stage were collected: Rapid digit naming provided an estimate of phonological recoding speed, nonword repetition assessed the robustness of representations within phonological storage, and vocabulary knowledge (as measured by the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test; Dunn & Dunn, 1997) estimated redintegration abilities during retrieval. Results: Linear mixed modeling revealed that digit naming speed and vocabulary knowledge were consistently related to short-term and working memory span in both CI users and typically hearing controls. However, nonword repetition only contributed to the model for short-term memory. Conclusions: Nonword repetition, an index of phonological storage, explained little of the individual variability inworking memory differences between CI users and typically hearing peers. On the other hand, individual differences in encoding and retrieval explained a significant amount of outcome variability in both short-term and working memory tasks. Differences between CI users and typically hearing peers in working memory therefore appear to reflect process components of encoding and retrieval and not simply differences in memory storage.
AB - Purpose: The current study adopts a systematic approach to the examination of working memory components in pediatric cochlear implant (CI) users by separately assessing contributions of encoding, storage, and retrieval. Method: Forty-nine long-term CI users and 56 typically hearing controls completed forward and backward span tasks with 3 stimulus sets: visually presented digits, pictures of concrete nouns, and novel symbols. In addition, measures associated with each memory stage were collected: Rapid digit naming provided an estimate of phonological recoding speed, nonword repetition assessed the robustness of representations within phonological storage, and vocabulary knowledge (as measured by the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test; Dunn & Dunn, 1997) estimated redintegration abilities during retrieval. Results: Linear mixed modeling revealed that digit naming speed and vocabulary knowledge were consistently related to short-term and working memory span in both CI users and typically hearing controls. However, nonword repetition only contributed to the model for short-term memory. Conclusions: Nonword repetition, an index of phonological storage, explained little of the individual variability inworking memory differences between CI users and typically hearing peers. On the other hand, individual differences in encoding and retrieval explained a significant amount of outcome variability in both short-term and working memory tasks. Differences between CI users and typically hearing peers in working memory therefore appear to reflect process components of encoding and retrieval and not simply differences in memory storage.
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U2 - 10.1044/2018_JSLHR-H-18-0201
DO - 10.1044/2018_JSLHR-H-18-0201
M3 - Article
C2 - 30986139
AN - SCOPUS:85064905433
SN - 1092-4388
VL - 62
SP - 1016
EP - 1032
JO - Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
JF - Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
IS - 4
ER -