TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of immunologic and intestinal effects in rats administered an E 171-containing diet, a food grade titanium dioxide (TiO2)
AU - Blevins, Lance K.
AU - Crawford, Robert B.
AU - Bach, Anthony
AU - Rizzo, Michael D.
AU - Zhou, Jiajun
AU - Henriquez, Joseph E.
AU - Khan, D. M.Isha Olive
AU - Sermet, Sera
AU - Arnold, Lora L.
AU - Pennington, Karen L.
AU - Souza, Nathalia P.
AU - Cohen, Samuel M.
AU - Kaminski, Norbert E.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University , the Grocery Manufacturers Association, the Titanium Dioxide Manufacturers Association, the International Association of Color Manufacturers, and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center Tissue Sciences Facility Shared Resource, supported by the National Cancer Institute under award number P30 CA036727 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/11
Y1 - 2019/11
N2 - The toxicity of dietary E 171, a food grade titanium dioxide was evaluated. A recent study reported rats receiving E 171 in water developed inflammation and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, rats received food containing E 171 (7 or 100 days). The 100-day study included feeding E 171 after dimethylhydrazine (DMH) or vehicle only pretreatment. Food consumption was similar between treatment groups with maximum total cumulative E 171 exposure being 2617 mg/kg in 7 days and 29,400 mg/kg in 100 days. No differences were observed due to E 171 in the percentage of dendritic, CD4+ T or Treg cells within Peyer's patches or the periphery, or in cytokine production in plasma, sections of jejunum, and colon in 7- or 100-day E 171 alone fed rats. Differences were observed for IL-17A in colon (400 ppm E 171 + DMH) and IL-12p70 in plasma (40 ppm E 171 + DMH). E 171 had no effect on histopathologic evaluations of small and large intestines, liver, spleen, lungs, or testes, and no effects on ACF, goblet cell numbers, or colonic gland length. Dietary E 171 administration (7- or 100-day), even at high doses, produced no effect on the immune parameters or tissue morphology.
AB - The toxicity of dietary E 171, a food grade titanium dioxide was evaluated. A recent study reported rats receiving E 171 in water developed inflammation and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, rats received food containing E 171 (7 or 100 days). The 100-day study included feeding E 171 after dimethylhydrazine (DMH) or vehicle only pretreatment. Food consumption was similar between treatment groups with maximum total cumulative E 171 exposure being 2617 mg/kg in 7 days and 29,400 mg/kg in 100 days. No differences were observed due to E 171 in the percentage of dendritic, CD4+ T or Treg cells within Peyer's patches or the periphery, or in cytokine production in plasma, sections of jejunum, and colon in 7- or 100-day E 171 alone fed rats. Differences were observed for IL-17A in colon (400 ppm E 171 + DMH) and IL-12p70 in plasma (40 ppm E 171 + DMH). E 171 had no effect on histopathologic evaluations of small and large intestines, liver, spleen, lungs, or testes, and no effects on ACF, goblet cell numbers, or colonic gland length. Dietary E 171 administration (7- or 100-day), even at high doses, produced no effect on the immune parameters or tissue morphology.
KW - Dietary titanium dioxide
KW - E 171
KW - Gastrointestinal inflammation
KW - Intestinal carcinogenesis
KW - T cells
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U2 - 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110793
DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110793
M3 - Article
C2 - 31473338
AN - SCOPUS:85072229253
SN - 0278-6915
VL - 133
JO - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology
M1 - 110793
ER -