TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of immunologic and intestinal effects in rats administered an E 171-containing diet, a food grade titanium dioxide (TiO2)
AU - Blevins, Lance K.
AU - Crawford, Robert B.
AU - Bach, Anthony
AU - Rizzo, Michael D.
AU - Zhou, Jiajun
AU - Henriquez, Joseph E.
AU - Khan, D. M.Isha Olive
AU - Sermet, Sera
AU - Arnold, Lora L.
AU - Pennington, Karen L.
AU - Souza, Nathalia P.
AU - Cohen, Samuel M.
AU - Kaminski, Norbert E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/11
Y1 - 2019/11
N2 - The toxicity of dietary E 171, a food grade titanium dioxide was evaluated. A recent study reported rats receiving E 171 in water developed inflammation and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, rats received food containing E 171 (7 or 100 days). The 100-day study included feeding E 171 after dimethylhydrazine (DMH) or vehicle only pretreatment. Food consumption was similar between treatment groups with maximum total cumulative E 171 exposure being 2617 mg/kg in 7 days and 29,400 mg/kg in 100 days. No differences were observed due to E 171 in the percentage of dendritic, CD4+ T or Treg cells within Peyer's patches or the periphery, or in cytokine production in plasma, sections of jejunum, and colon in 7- or 100-day E 171 alone fed rats. Differences were observed for IL-17A in colon (400 ppm E 171 + DMH) and IL-12p70 in plasma (40 ppm E 171 + DMH). E 171 had no effect on histopathologic evaluations of small and large intestines, liver, spleen, lungs, or testes, and no effects on ACF, goblet cell numbers, or colonic gland length. Dietary E 171 administration (7- or 100-day), even at high doses, produced no effect on the immune parameters or tissue morphology.
AB - The toxicity of dietary E 171, a food grade titanium dioxide was evaluated. A recent study reported rats receiving E 171 in water developed inflammation and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, rats received food containing E 171 (7 or 100 days). The 100-day study included feeding E 171 after dimethylhydrazine (DMH) or vehicle only pretreatment. Food consumption was similar between treatment groups with maximum total cumulative E 171 exposure being 2617 mg/kg in 7 days and 29,400 mg/kg in 100 days. No differences were observed due to E 171 in the percentage of dendritic, CD4+ T or Treg cells within Peyer's patches or the periphery, or in cytokine production in plasma, sections of jejunum, and colon in 7- or 100-day E 171 alone fed rats. Differences were observed for IL-17A in colon (400 ppm E 171 + DMH) and IL-12p70 in plasma (40 ppm E 171 + DMH). E 171 had no effect on histopathologic evaluations of small and large intestines, liver, spleen, lungs, or testes, and no effects on ACF, goblet cell numbers, or colonic gland length. Dietary E 171 administration (7- or 100-day), even at high doses, produced no effect on the immune parameters or tissue morphology.
KW - Dietary titanium dioxide
KW - E 171
KW - Gastrointestinal inflammation
KW - Intestinal carcinogenesis
KW - T cells
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85072229253&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85072229253&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110793
DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110793
M3 - Article
C2 - 31473338
AN - SCOPUS:85072229253
SN - 0278-6915
VL - 133
JO - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology
M1 - 110793
ER -