Explicit 3D finite-element model of continuous nanofibre networks

An explicit three-dimensional (3D) finite-element model for dilute nanofibre networks is presented. The model takes into account 3D structure of networks by mimicking nanomanufacturing process. Realistic elasto-plastic behaviour of individual nanofibres with failure and frictional interfibre contacts are incorporated. The model is capable of predicting through failure mechanical behaviour of nanofibre networks with large fibre reorientation and fibre breaks. Comparison of simulated force-strain behaviour with experimental data showed that predicted and experimental curves exhibited similar shapes consisting of an elastic stage, a strain-hardening stage, and a softening stage, with abrupt drops coincident with fibre breaks. The numerically predicted maximum tensile force and total failure strain were of the same magnitude as experimental results. The developed explicit model can be used to study the effects of fibre diameter and mechanical properties, network density, fibre orientation distribution, and contact conditions on mechanical behaviour of nanofibre networks. Such studies can shed light on the mechanisms of complex nonlinear deformation and failure of networks and can be used for networks design and optimisation for applications.