Abstract
Antigen presenting cells (APC) play an essential role in the generation of tumor-specific immune responses. Dendritic cells are the most potent of APC, capable of activating both antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Previously, we have described how vaccination of mice with irradiated tumor cells producing granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induces tumor-specific immunity capable of protecting mice from a subsequent tumor challenge. The present study extends these findings to examine the types of APC infiltrating vaccination sites and the chemokines responsible for their recruitment. GM-CSF released from genetically engineered tumor cells led to the local accumulation of dendritic cells in and around the vaccination site. Quantification revealed a significant tenfold increase in the number of dendritic cells infiltrating GM-CSF-producing as opposed to β- galactosidase-producing (control) vaccination sites. Reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemical analysis of vaccination sites revealed that MIP-1α may be responsible for dendritic cell infiltration into GM-CSF-producing tissues. These findings suggest that GM-CSF may indirectly recruit dendritic cells into vaccination sites through the local production of MIP-1α.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 123-131 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy |
Volume | 48 |
Issue number | 2-3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1999 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Adenovirus
- Dendritic cell
- GM-CSF
- MIP-1α
- Vaccine
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology and Allergy
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Cancer Research