TY - JOUR
T1 - High Birth Weight, Early UV Exposure, and Melanoma Risk in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
AU - Wojcik, Katherine Y.
AU - Escobedo, Loraine A.
AU - Wysong, Ashley
AU - Heck, Julia E.
AU - Ritz, Beate
AU - Hamilton, Ann S.
AU - Milam, Joel
AU - Cockburn, Myles G.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by Grants R21ES018960, R21ES019986, P30ES007048 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and by Grant R01CA158407 from the National Cancer In-stitute and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Devel-opment. K.Y.W. was supported by training Grants T32CA092408 and T32CA009492 from the National Cancer Institute of the National Insti-tutes of Health. L.A.E.’s work on this study was performed while she was a postdoctoral scholar at the Spatial Sciences Institute in the Dornsife College of Arts, Letters, and Sciences at the University of Southern Ca-lifornia. M.G.C. was supported in part by the University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center Support Grant (P30CA046934). The col-lection of cancer incidence data used in this study was supported by the California Department of Public Health pursuant to California Health and Safety Code Section 103885; Centers for Disease Control and Pre-vention’s (CDC) National Program of Cancer Registries, under cooper-ative agreement 5NU58DP003862-04/DP003862; the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program under contract HHSN261201000140C awarded to the Cancer Prevention In-stitute of California, contract HHSN261201000035C awarded to the University of Southern California, and contract HHSN261201000034C awarded to the Public Health Institute. The ideas and opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or endorsement by the State of California Department of Public Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - Melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, is the second most common cancer diagnosed before age 30. Little is known about potentially modifiable or intervenable risk factors specific to developing melanoma at a young age. The objective was to determine if high birth weight or higher early-life ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure would be associated with increased risk of melanoma in young patients. Methods: Population-based, case-control study of 1,396 cases of melanoma diagnosed before age 30 in 1988-2013 and 27,920 controls, obtained by linking cancer registry data to birth records in California. Results: High birth weight (>4,000 g) was associated with 19% higher risk of melanoma (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.39), while low birth weight (<2,500 g) was associated with 41% lower risk (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.43, 0.82), compared with normal birth weight (2,500-4,000 g); dose-response per 1,000 g increase was also evident (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.13, 1.36). All quartiles of birthplace UV greater than the lowest quartile were associated with increased melanoma risk. The strongest relation between birthplace UV and melanoma was for 15-19 years of age at diagnosis. Conclusions: High birth weight and high early-life UV exposure may be important independent risk factors for melanoma diagnosis before age 30. The implication is that adopting skin-protective behaviors as early as infancy could be important for primary prevention of melanoma in younger people. However, research that accounts for early-life behavioral patterns of skin protection during infancy is needed to advance our understanding of how birth weight and early-life UV may influence the development of early-onset melanoma.
AB - Melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, is the second most common cancer diagnosed before age 30. Little is known about potentially modifiable or intervenable risk factors specific to developing melanoma at a young age. The objective was to determine if high birth weight or higher early-life ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure would be associated with increased risk of melanoma in young patients. Methods: Population-based, case-control study of 1,396 cases of melanoma diagnosed before age 30 in 1988-2013 and 27,920 controls, obtained by linking cancer registry data to birth records in California. Results: High birth weight (>4,000 g) was associated with 19% higher risk of melanoma (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.39), while low birth weight (<2,500 g) was associated with 41% lower risk (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.43, 0.82), compared with normal birth weight (2,500-4,000 g); dose-response per 1,000 g increase was also evident (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.13, 1.36). All quartiles of birthplace UV greater than the lowest quartile were associated with increased melanoma risk. The strongest relation between birthplace UV and melanoma was for 15-19 years of age at diagnosis. Conclusions: High birth weight and high early-life UV exposure may be important independent risk factors for melanoma diagnosis before age 30. The implication is that adopting skin-protective behaviors as early as infancy could be important for primary prevention of melanoma in younger people. However, research that accounts for early-life behavioral patterns of skin protection during infancy is needed to advance our understanding of how birth weight and early-life UV may influence the development of early-onset melanoma.
KW - Birthweight
KW - Case-control studies
KW - Pediatrics
KW - Records-based
KW - Registries
KW - Skin cancer
KW - Skin neoplasms
KW - Solar radiation
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85061037996&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000963
DO - 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000963
M3 - Article
C2 - 30499783
AN - SCOPUS:85061037996
SN - 1044-3983
VL - 30
SP - 278
EP - 284
JO - Epidemiology
JF - Epidemiology
IS - 2
ER -