HIV-1-associated dementia: A basic science and clinical perspective

Thomas S. Diesing, Susan Swindells, Harris Gelbard, Howard E. Gendelman

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

49 Scopus citations

Abstract

HIV-1 associated dementia (HAD) is a metabolic encephalopathy induced by viral infection and fueled by immune activation of brain mononuclear phagocytes (perivascular and parenchymal macrophages and microglia). These same cells serve as reservoirs for persistent infection and sources for soluble neurotoxins. Neurologic impairments are manifested by cognitive, behavioral, and motor abnormalities that occur years after viral exposure and are associated with depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes and high viral loads. Improvements in antiretroviral and adjunctive therapies have decreased HAD incidence, but cognitive dysfunction remains a cause of morbidity in many infected persons.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)358-368
Number of pages11
JournalAIDS Reader
Volume12
Issue number8
StatePublished - Aug 2002
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • HIV-1-associated cognitive dysfunction
  • HIV-1-associated dementia
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Macrophages
  • Microglia
  • Neurotoxins

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Infectious Diseases

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