HIV Infection, Antiretroviral Drugs, and the Vascular Endothelium

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Endothelial cell activation, injury, and dysfunction underlies the pathophysiology of vascular diseases and infections associated with vascular dysfunction, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Despite viral suppression with combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) are prone to many comorbidities, including neurological and neuropsychiatric complications, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, premature aging, and malignancies. HIV and viral proteins can directly contribute to the development of these comorbidities. However, with the continued high prevalence of these comorbidities despite viral suppression, it is likely that ART or some antiretroviral (ARVs) drugs contribute to the development and persistence of comorbid diseases in PLWH. These comorbid diseases often involve vascular activation, injury, and dysfunction. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the current literature on ARVs and the vascular endothelium in PLWH, animal models, and in vitro studies. I also summarize evidence of an association or lack thereof between ARV drugs or drug classes and the protection or injury/dysfunction of the vascular endothelium and vascular diseases.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number672
JournalCells
Volume13
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2024

Keywords

  • HIV comorbidities
  • INSTIs
  • NNRTIs
  • NRTIs
  • antiretrovirals
  • endothelial activation
  • maraviroc
  • protease inhibitors
  • vascular injury and function

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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