How do financial, institutional, and human capital factors affect university start-ups?

We present a brief review tracking the advancements in academic entrepreneurship. Although the practice of academic entrepreneurship is on the rise, there is very little scholarly work to advance research and practice in the field. We examined variables such as patent filings, patent licensing, equity deals, university start-ups and the factors that could influence them. We suggest that these variables could serve as metrics for tracking the progress in academic entrepreneurship. We also propose that sponsored research expenditure, university entrepreneurial culture, and certain human capital factors can affect the number of university start-ups.