Increased use of parenchymal-sparing surgery for bilateral liver metastases from colorectal cancer is associated with improved mortality without change in oncologic outcome: Trends in treatment over time in 440 patients

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the results of liver resection for patients with bilateral hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. We aimed to assess the evolution of the technical approach over time and correlations with morbidity, mortality, and oncologic outcome. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although hepatic resection for isolated colorectal metastases to the liver is thought to be beneficial when feasible, resection of bilateral liver metastases carries unique technical issues and is often associated with more aggressive tumor biology. Little has been written specifically about the results achieved in this subset of patients. METHODS: Data from a prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing hepatic resection at a single institution over an 11-year time period were reviewed. RESULTS: Resection of bilateral liver metastases from colorectal cancer was accomplished in 443 cases (440 patients) with a 29% incidence of major complications and a 5.4% 90-day mortality. Kaplan-Meier estimated 5-year disease-specific survival was 30% and 5-year recurrence-free survival was 18%. Operative technique changed over time toward a parenchymal-sparing approach as evidenced by the greater use of multiple simultaneous liver resections, wedge resections, and ablations. Similarly, there was a decrease in the use of major hepatectomies. This correlated with decreased mortality without change in disease-specific survival or liver recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Resection of bilateral colorectal liver metastases can be accomplished with acceptable morbidity, mortality, and oncologic results. Increased use of a parenchymal-sparing approach is associated with decreased mortality without compromise in cancer-related outcome.