Infants born at <29 weeks: Pulmonary outcomes from a hybrid perinatal system

Objective: To assess pulmonary outcomes of infants <29 weeks gestational age (GA), delivered at level I, II and III facilities, to identify potentially modifiable factors affecting bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) severity and to assess the external generalizability of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) BPD Outcome Estimator. Study Design: Outcomes for infants <29 weeks GA born during (2008-2010) and delivered either at an inborn level III center or in a level II or III metropolitan area hospital with transfer to a level IV center, or delivered in a distant level I or II center and then transported to a level IV center were assessed. BPD severity was compared with the NICHD Neonatal BPD Outcome Estimator. Result: Of 158 infants who comprised the cohort, 28 (17.8%) had no BPD, 39 (24.2%) had mild BPD, 45 (28.7%) had moderate BPD, 31 (19.7%) had severe BPD and 15 (9.6%) died at ≤36 weeks post menstrual age. Site of birth did not predict severe BPD or death. Receiver operator characteristic curves showed fair predictability for none/mild and severe BPD. Conclusion: BPD severity was not dependent on site of birth. The NICHD BPD outcome estimator provides fair prediction for extreme outcomes.