TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigation of Protein Biomarkers and Oxidative Stress in Pinirampus pirinampu Exposed to Mercury Species from the Madeira River, Amazon-Brazil
AU - Vieira, José Cavalcante Souza
AU - de Oliveira, Grasieli
AU - Cavallini, Nubya Gonçalves
AU - Braga, Camila Pereira
AU - Adamec, Jiri
AU - Zara, Luiz Fabrício
AU - Buzalaf, Marília Afonso Rabelo
AU - de Magalhães Padilha, Pedro
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the Brazilian research-funding agency: National Electric Energy Agency-ANEEL/Sustainable Energy of Brazil-ESBR – P&D: 6631–0001/2012/Contract Jirau 004/2013, São Paulo Research Foundation-FAPESP, Processes: 2016/19404–2 and 2014/02668–1), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development–CNPq, Processes: 404485/2016–2, 303719/2014–1 and 30478/2018–9) and CAPES-Print AUXPE-Process: 88881.3107432018–01 for financial support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022/4
Y1 - 2022/4
N2 - In recent decades, the scientific community has widely debated the contamination of fish in the Amazon region by mercury species. As the diet of riverside populations in the Amazon region is based mainly on fish, these populations are exposed to mercurial species that can cause serious and irreversible damage to their health. The risks of consuming fish exposed to mercurial species in the Amazon region have motivated toxicological investigations. However, the effect of mercurial species on protein and enzyme levels is still controversial. In this work, analytical and bioanalytical techniques Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [2D-PAGE] Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry [GFAAS], and Mass Spectrometry in Sequence with Electrospray Ionization [ESI–MS/MS] were used to identify proteins associated with mercury (metal-binding protein) in muscle and liver tissues of the fish species Pinirampus pirinampu from the Madeira River, in the Brazilian Amazon. Enzymatic and lipid peroxidation analyses were also used to assess changes related to oxidative stress. Determinations of total mercury by GFAAS indicated higher concentrations in liver tissue (555 ± 19.0 µg kg−1) when compared to muscle tissue (60 ± 2.0 µg kg−1). The fractionation process of tissue proteomes by 2D-PAGE and subsequent mapping of mercury by GFAAS in the protein spots of the gels identified the presence of mercury in three spots of the liver tissue (concentrations in the range of 0.800 to 1.90 mg kg−1). The characterization of protein spots associated with mercury by ESI–MS/MS identified the enzymes triosephosphate isomerase A, adenylate kinase 2 mitochondrial, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as possible candidates for mercury exposure biomarkers. The muscle tissue did not show protein spots associated with mercury. Enzymatic activity decreased proportionally to the increase in mercury concentrations in the tissues. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
AB - In recent decades, the scientific community has widely debated the contamination of fish in the Amazon region by mercury species. As the diet of riverside populations in the Amazon region is based mainly on fish, these populations are exposed to mercurial species that can cause serious and irreversible damage to their health. The risks of consuming fish exposed to mercurial species in the Amazon region have motivated toxicological investigations. However, the effect of mercurial species on protein and enzyme levels is still controversial. In this work, analytical and bioanalytical techniques Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [2D-PAGE] Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry [GFAAS], and Mass Spectrometry in Sequence with Electrospray Ionization [ESI–MS/MS] were used to identify proteins associated with mercury (metal-binding protein) in muscle and liver tissues of the fish species Pinirampus pirinampu from the Madeira River, in the Brazilian Amazon. Enzymatic and lipid peroxidation analyses were also used to assess changes related to oxidative stress. Determinations of total mercury by GFAAS indicated higher concentrations in liver tissue (555 ± 19.0 µg kg−1) when compared to muscle tissue (60 ± 2.0 µg kg−1). The fractionation process of tissue proteomes by 2D-PAGE and subsequent mapping of mercury by GFAAS in the protein spots of the gels identified the presence of mercury in three spots of the liver tissue (concentrations in the range of 0.800 to 1.90 mg kg−1). The characterization of protein spots associated with mercury by ESI–MS/MS identified the enzymes triosephosphate isomerase A, adenylate kinase 2 mitochondrial, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as possible candidates for mercury exposure biomarkers. The muscle tissue did not show protein spots associated with mercury. Enzymatic activity decreased proportionally to the increase in mercury concentrations in the tissues. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Mercury exposure
KW - Metal-binding protein
KW - Metalloproteomics
KW - Pinirampus pirinampu
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U2 - 10.1007/s12011-021-02805-z
DO - 10.1007/s12011-021-02805-z
M3 - Article
C2 - 34482504
AN - SCOPUS:85114358645
SN - 0163-4984
VL - 200
SP - 1872
EP - 1882
JO - Biological Trace Element Research
JF - Biological Trace Element Research
IS - 4
ER -