L'hyperglycémie non diabétique est en corrélation avec la prévalence et la sévérité des lésions coronaires angiographiques

Aim: The role of glycaemia as a coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factor is controversial, and the optimal glucose level is still a matter of debate. For this reason, we assessed the prevalence and severity of angiographic CAD across hyperglycaemia categories and in relation to haemoglobin A_1c (HbA_1c) levels. Methods: We studied 273 consecutive patients without prior revascularization undergoing coronary angiography for suspected ischaemic pain. CAD severity was assessed using three angiographic scores: the Gensini's score; extent score; and arbitrary index. Patients were grouped, according to 2003 American Diabetes Association criteria, into those with normal fasting glucose (NFG), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Results: CAD prevalence was 2.5-fold higher in both the IFG and DM groups compared with the NFG group. Deterioration of glycaemic profile was a multivariate predictor of angiographic CAD severity (extent score: P=0.027; arbitrary index: P=0.007). HbA_1c levels were significantly higher among CAD patients (P=0.016) and in those with two or more diseased vessels (P=0.023) compared with the non-CAD group. HbA_1c levels remained predictive of CAD prevalence even after adjusting for conventional risk factors, including DM (adjusted OR: 1.853; 95% CI: 1.269-2.704). Conclusion: Non-diabetic hyperglycaemia, assessed either categorically by fasting glucose categories or continuously by HbA_1c levels, correlates with the poorest angiographic outcomes.