Malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde-adducted bovine serum albumin activates protein kinase C and stimulates interleukin-8 release in bovine bronchial epithelial cells

Todd A. Wyatt, Kusum K. Kharbanda, Dean J. Tuma, Joseph H. Sisson

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

31 Scopus citations

Abstract

Previous study results have demonstrated that cigarette smoke or acetaldehyde rapidly stimulates protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated release of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in bovine bronchial epithelial cells (BECs). Low concentrations of acetaldehyde combine synergistically with malondialdehyde to increase significantly maximal BEC PKC activity at 48 to 96 h stimulation. Because more than 95% of alcoholics are cigarette smokers, we hypothesized that malondialdehyde, an inflammation product of lipid peroxidation, and acetaldehyde, both a product of ethanol metabolism and a component of cigarette smoke, might stimulate PKC-mediated IL-8 release in BECs by malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) adduct formation, rather than as free aldehydes. Protein kinase C activity is maximally elevated in BECs treated with 50 μg/ml of BSA-MAA from approximately 1 to 3 h. This activity subsequently begins to decrease by 4 to 6 h, with a return to baseline unstimulated kinase activity levels by 24 h. No activation of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) or cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) was observed in BSA-MAA-treated BECs. The MAA adduct activation of PKC was followed by a fourfold to tenfold greater release of IL-8 over that observed for both BECs exposed to media only and BSA control-treated BECs. Protein kinase C activation and IL-8 release were blocked by pretreating BECs with 1 μM calphostin C or 100 nM of the PKC alpha-specific inhibitor, Gö 6976. Isoform-specific inhibitors to PKC beta, PKC delta, and PKC zeta failed to inhibit completely MAA adduct-stimulated PKC or IL-8 release. Results of these studies indicate that metabolites derived from ethanol and cigarette smoke, such as acetaldehyde and malondialdehyde, form adducts that stimulate airway epithelial cell PKC alpha-mediated release of promigratory cytokines.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)159-166
Number of pages8
JournalAlcohol
Volume25
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 2001

Keywords

  • Acetaldehyde
  • Airway
  • BSA-MAA
  • Cilia
  • Lung
  • Malondialdehyde
  • PKC alpha
  • Scavenger receptor

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Health(social science)
  • Biochemistry
  • Toxicology
  • Neurology
  • Behavioral Neuroscience

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