TY - JOUR
T1 - Metabolic compounds within the porcine uterine environment are unique to the type of conceptus present during the early stages of blastocyst elongation
AU - Walsh, Sophie C.
AU - Miles, Jeremy R.
AU - Yao, Linxing
AU - Broeckling, Corey D.
AU - Rempel, Lea A.
AU - Wright-Johnson, Elane C.
AU - Pannier, Angela K.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Shanda Watts, Mike Judy, and Dave Sypherd for technical assistance in collecting blastocysts, the USMARC swine crew for animal husbandry, the USMARC abattoir crew for assistance with harvesting gilts, Janel Nierman for secretarial assistance, and Dr Mark Boggess and Dr Gary Rohrer for critical review of the manuscript. This study was supported by USDA-NIFA-AFRI Grant Number 2017-67015-26456 and USDA-ARS, CRIS Project 3400-31000-095-00D. The USDA requires us to provide the product information and EEO statement on publications.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Shanda Watts, Mike Judy, and Dave Sypherd for technical assistance in collecting blastocysts, the USMARC swine crew for animal husbandry, the USMARC abattoir crew for assistance with harvesting gilts, Janel Nierman for secretarial assistance, and Dr Mark Boggess and Dr Gary Rohrer for critical review of the manuscript. This study was supported by USDA‐NIFA‐AFRI Grant Number 2017‐67015‐26456 and USDA‐ARS, CRIS Project 3400‐31000‐095‐00D. The USDA requires us to provide the product information and EEO statement on publications.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Authors. Molecular Reproduction and Development Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - The objective of this study was to identify metabolites within the porcine uterine milieu during the early stages of blastocyst elongation. At Days 9, 10, or 11 of gestation, reproductive tracts of White cross-bred gilts (n = 38) were collected immediately following harvest and flushed with Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640 medium. Conceptus morphologies were assessed from each pregnancy and corresponding uterine flushings were assigned to one of five treatment groups based on these morphologies: (a) uniform spherical (n = 8); (b) heterogeneous spherical and ovoid (n = 8); (c) uniform ovoid (n = 8); (d) heterogeneous ovoid and tubular (n = 8); and (e) uniform tubular (n = 6). Uterine flushings from these pregnancies were submitted for nontargeted profiling by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)–MS techniques. Unsupervised multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using pcaMethods and univariate analysis of variance was performed in R with false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment. PCA analysis of the GC–MS and UPLC–MS data identified 153 and 104 metabolites, respectively. After FDR adjustment of the GC–MS and UPLC–MS data, 38 and 59 metabolites, respectively, differed (p <.05) in uterine flushings from pregnancies across the five conceptus stages. Some metabolites were greater (p <.05) in abundance for uterine flushings containing earlier stage conceptuses (i.e., spherical), such as uric acid, tryptophan, and tyrosine. In contrast, some metabolites were greater (p <.05) in abundance for uterine flushings containing later stage conceptuses (i.e., tubular), such as creatinine, serine, and urea. These data illustrate several putative metabolites that change within the uterine milieu during early porcine blastocyst elongation.
AB - The objective of this study was to identify metabolites within the porcine uterine milieu during the early stages of blastocyst elongation. At Days 9, 10, or 11 of gestation, reproductive tracts of White cross-bred gilts (n = 38) were collected immediately following harvest and flushed with Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640 medium. Conceptus morphologies were assessed from each pregnancy and corresponding uterine flushings were assigned to one of five treatment groups based on these morphologies: (a) uniform spherical (n = 8); (b) heterogeneous spherical and ovoid (n = 8); (c) uniform ovoid (n = 8); (d) heterogeneous ovoid and tubular (n = 8); and (e) uniform tubular (n = 6). Uterine flushings from these pregnancies were submitted for nontargeted profiling by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)–MS techniques. Unsupervised multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using pcaMethods and univariate analysis of variance was performed in R with false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment. PCA analysis of the GC–MS and UPLC–MS data identified 153 and 104 metabolites, respectively. After FDR adjustment of the GC–MS and UPLC–MS data, 38 and 59 metabolites, respectively, differed (p <.05) in uterine flushings from pregnancies across the five conceptus stages. Some metabolites were greater (p <.05) in abundance for uterine flushings containing earlier stage conceptuses (i.e., spherical), such as uric acid, tryptophan, and tyrosine. In contrast, some metabolites were greater (p <.05) in abundance for uterine flushings containing later stage conceptuses (i.e., tubular), such as creatinine, serine, and urea. These data illustrate several putative metabolites that change within the uterine milieu during early porcine blastocyst elongation.
KW - blastocyst elongation
KW - metabolome
KW - porcine
KW - uterine environment
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U2 - 10.1002/mrd.23306
DO - 10.1002/mrd.23306
M3 - Article
C2 - 31840336
AN - SCOPUS:85076775297
VL - 87
SP - 174
EP - 190
JO - Molecular Reproduction and Development
JF - Molecular Reproduction and Development
SN - 1040-452X
IS - 1
ER -