Neoplasia and acquired renal cysticdisease in patients undergoing chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Acquired renal cystic disease (ARCD) was initially reported to occur exclusively with patients on chronic hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease, To date, no cases of ARCD have been well documented in patients with end-stage renal disease treated solely by peritoneal dialysis. We report the occurrence of ARCD with renal cell carcinoma and hemorrhagic cyst formation in 2 patients with end-stage renal disease treated only with chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for three and one-half and three years, respectively, since the onset of their renal failure. Both patients were found to have ARCD and complex masses on follow-up ultrasound examination after previous normal examinations. The findings were confirmed by computerized tomography (C T) scan and both patients underwent radical nephrectomy.