@article{699b5cd136ec47b992377ff0d06bf680,
title = "Neuronal-derived extracellular vesicles are enriched in the brain and serum of HIV-1 transgenic rats",
abstract = "Despite the efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in controlling human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) replication, cytotoxic viral proteins such as HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) persist in tissues such as the brain. Although HIV-1 does not infect neuronal cells, it is susceptible to viral Tat protein-mediated toxicity, leading to neuroinflammation that underlies HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Given the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in both cellular homoeostasis and under pathological conditions, we sought to investigate the alterations in the quantity of neuronal-derived EVs in the brain–as defined by the presence of cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM) and to evaluate the presence of L1CAM+ EVs in the peripheral circulation of HIV-1 transgenic (HIV-1 Tg) rats. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term exposure of HIV-1 viral proteins on the release of neuronal EVs in the brain and their transfer in the systemic compartment. Brain and serum EVs were isolated from both wild type and HIV-1 Tg rats using differential ultracentrifugation with further purification using the Optiprep gradient method. The subpopulation of neuronal EVs was further enriched using immunoprecipitation. The current findings demonstrated increased presence of L1CAM+ neuronal-derived EVs both in the brain and serum of HIV-1 Tg rats.",
keywords = "Extracellular vesicles, HIV-1, brain EVs, neuronal EVs, serum EVs",
author = "Dagur, {Raghubendra Singh} and Ke Liao and Susmita Sil and Fang Niu and Zhiqiang Sun and Lyubchenko, {Yuri L.} and Peeples, {Eric S.} and Guoku Hu and Shilpa Buch",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health [MH106425 and MH112848];National Institute on Drug Abuse [DA046831 and DA042704];National Institute on Drug Abuse [DA035203, DA040397, DA041751, DA044586, DA043138]. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse grants DA035203, DA040397, DA041751, DA044586 (to S. Buch); DA043138 (to S. Buch and G. Hu); and DA046831 and DA042704 (to G. Hu); and National Institute of Mental Health grants MH106425 (to S. Buch) and MH112848 (to S. Buch and G. Hu), as well as the Nebraska Center for Substance Abuse Research. The project was supported by National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health grant 2P30MH062261. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Funding Information: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse grants DA035203, DA040397, DA041751, DA044586 (to S. Buch); DA043138 (to S. Buch and G. Hu); and DA046831 and DA042704 (to G. Hu); and National Institute of Mental Health grants MH106425 (to S. Buch) and MH112848 (to S. Buch and G. Hu), as well as the Nebraska Center for Substance Abuse Research. The project was supported by National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health grant 2P30MH062261. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, {\textcopyright} 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.",
year = "2020",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1080/20013078.2019.1703249",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "9",
journal = "Journal of Extracellular Vesicles",
issn = "2001-3078",
publisher = "Taylor and Francis Ltd.",
number = "1",
}