TY - JOUR
T1 - New aspects of hepatic endothelial cells in physiology and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
AU - Sun, Xinghui
AU - Harris, Edward N.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health Funded COBRE Grant 1P20GM104320 (X.S. through the Nebraska Center for the Prevention of Obesity-related Diseases through Dietary Molecules), the American Heart Association SDG#15SDG25400012 (to X.S.), and the National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grant R01 HL130864 to E.N.H.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 the American Physiological Society.
PY - 2020/6
Y1 - 2020/6
N2 - The liver is the central metabolic hub for carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. It is composed of four major types of cells, including hepatocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), Kupffer cells, and stellate cells. Hepatic ECs are highly heterogeneous in both mice and humans, representing the second largest population of cells in liver. The majority of them line hepatic sinusoids known as liver sinusoidal ECs (LSECs). The structure and biology of LSECs and their roles in physiology and liver disease were reviewed recently. Here, we do not give a comprehensive review of LSEC structure, function, or pathophysiology. Instead, we focus on the recent progress in LSEC research and other hepatic ECs in physiology and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and other hepatic fibrosis-related conditions. We discuss several current areas of interest, including capillarization, scavenger function, autophagy, cellular senescence, paracrine effects, and mechanotransduction. In addition, we summarize the strengths and weaknesses of evidence for the potential role of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in liver fibrosis.
AB - The liver is the central metabolic hub for carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. It is composed of four major types of cells, including hepatocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), Kupffer cells, and stellate cells. Hepatic ECs are highly heterogeneous in both mice and humans, representing the second largest population of cells in liver. The majority of them line hepatic sinusoids known as liver sinusoidal ECs (LSECs). The structure and biology of LSECs and their roles in physiology and liver disease were reviewed recently. Here, we do not give a comprehensive review of LSEC structure, function, or pathophysiology. Instead, we focus on the recent progress in LSEC research and other hepatic ECs in physiology and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and other hepatic fibrosis-related conditions. We discuss several current areas of interest, including capillarization, scavenger function, autophagy, cellular senescence, paracrine effects, and mechanotransduction. In addition, we summarize the strengths and weaknesses of evidence for the potential role of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in liver fibrosis.
KW - Autophagy
KW - Cellular senescence
KW - Fibrosis
KW - Hepatic endothelium
KW - LSECs
KW - NAFLD
KW - Scavenger function
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U2 - 10.1152/ajpcell.00062.2020
DO - 10.1152/ajpcell.00062.2020
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32374676
AN - SCOPUS:85086015591
SN - 0363-6143
VL - 318
SP - C1200-C1213
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology
IS - 6
ER -