TY - JOUR
T1 - Nitrogen removal in vermifiltration
T2 - Mechanisms, influencing factors, and future research needs
AU - Singh, Rajneesh
AU - D'Alessio, Matteo
AU - Jahangeer,
AU - Meneses, Yulie
AU - Bartelt-Hunt, Shannon
AU - Ray, Chittaranjan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/3/1
Y1 - 2021/3/1
N2 - To meet global health and sanitation goals, there is a continued need for sustainable wastewater treatment alternatives that require minimal energy and investment. Vermifiltration, a technology gaining relevance in Africa and Asia, may be an alternative to traditional wastewater treatment systems due to its cost-effectiveness, ease of application and maintenance, and sustainability. However, nitrogen removal in vermifiltration is not well understood since most of the prior research focuses on organics removal. Thus, a state of the art review is necessary to separately focus on the mechanisms associated with nitrogen removal in vermifiltration, along with the factors affecting nitrogen removal. For the first time, this review attempts to present the types of vermifilter based on their flow pattern. The review further discusses the current status of the application of vermifiltration, along with the benefits and limitations associated with the adoption of this technology. It also explores possible strategies that could be adopted to maximize the nitrogen removal potential of vermifilters as optimizing nitrogen removal is critical for improving the performance of vermifiltration based treatment systems.
AB - To meet global health and sanitation goals, there is a continued need for sustainable wastewater treatment alternatives that require minimal energy and investment. Vermifiltration, a technology gaining relevance in Africa and Asia, may be an alternative to traditional wastewater treatment systems due to its cost-effectiveness, ease of application and maintenance, and sustainability. However, nitrogen removal in vermifiltration is not well understood since most of the prior research focuses on organics removal. Thus, a state of the art review is necessary to separately focus on the mechanisms associated with nitrogen removal in vermifiltration, along with the factors affecting nitrogen removal. For the first time, this review attempts to present the types of vermifilter based on their flow pattern. The review further discusses the current status of the application of vermifiltration, along with the benefits and limitations associated with the adoption of this technology. It also explores possible strategies that could be adopted to maximize the nitrogen removal potential of vermifilters as optimizing nitrogen removal is critical for improving the performance of vermifiltration based treatment systems.
KW - Design parameters
KW - Earthworms
KW - Mechanisms
KW - Nitrogen removal
KW - Treatment performance
KW - Wastewater treatment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85098567217&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85098567217&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111868
DO - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111868
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33387734
AN - SCOPUS:85098567217
SN - 0301-4797
VL - 281
JO - Journal of Environmental Management
JF - Journal of Environmental Management
M1 - 111868
ER -