TY - JOUR
T1 - Reactive astrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases
AU - Li, Kunyu
AU - Li, Jiatong
AU - Zheng, Jialin
AU - Qin, Song
N1 - Funding Information:
We apologize for not being able to cite all the relevant publications due to space limit. The work was supported by grants from National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No. 2014CB965001), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81528006).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Li K et al.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Astrocytes, the largest and most numerous glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play a variety of important roles in regulating homeostasis, increasing synaptic plasticity and providing neuroprotection, thus helping to maintain normal brain function. At the same time, astrocytes can participate in the inflammatory response and play a key role in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Reactive astrocytes are strongly induced by numerous pathological conditions in the CNS. Astrocyte reactivity is initially characterized by hypertrophy of soma and processes, triggered by different molecules. Recent studies have demonstrated that neuroinflammation and ischemia can elicit two different types of reactive astrocytes, termed A1s and A2s. However, in the case of astrocyte reactivity in different neurodegenerative diseases, the recently published research issues remain a high level of conflict and controversy. So far, we still know very little about whether and how the function or reactivity of astrocytes changes in the progression of different neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to briefly discuss recent studies highlighting the complex contribution of astrocytes in the process of various neurodegenerative diseases, which may provide us with new prospects for the development of an excellent therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases.
AB - Astrocytes, the largest and most numerous glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play a variety of important roles in regulating homeostasis, increasing synaptic plasticity and providing neuroprotection, thus helping to maintain normal brain function. At the same time, astrocytes can participate in the inflammatory response and play a key role in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Reactive astrocytes are strongly induced by numerous pathological conditions in the CNS. Astrocyte reactivity is initially characterized by hypertrophy of soma and processes, triggered by different molecules. Recent studies have demonstrated that neuroinflammation and ischemia can elicit two different types of reactive astrocytes, termed A1s and A2s. However, in the case of astrocyte reactivity in different neurodegenerative diseases, the recently published research issues remain a high level of conflict and controversy. So far, we still know very little about whether and how the function or reactivity of astrocytes changes in the progression of different neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to briefly discuss recent studies highlighting the complex contribution of astrocytes in the process of various neurodegenerative diseases, which may provide us with new prospects for the development of an excellent therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases.
KW - Neurodegenerative diseases
KW - Neuroinflammation
KW - Reactive astrocytes
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U2 - 10.14336/AD.2018.0720
DO - 10.14336/AD.2018.0720
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31165009
AN - SCOPUS:85100277074
SN - 2152-5250
VL - 10
SP - 664
EP - 675
JO - Aging and Disease
JF - Aging and Disease
IS - 3
ER -