TY - JOUR
T1 - RNA interference for improving the outcome of islet transplantation
AU - Li, Feng
AU - Mahato, Ram I.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by a grant RO1 DK69968 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) . We thank Dr. Akshay Pratap for critical reading of this manuscript.
PY - 2011/1
Y1 - 2011/1
N2 - Islet transplantation has the potential to cure type 1 diabetes. Despite recent therapeutic success, it is still not common because a large number of transplanted islets get damaged by multiple challenges including instant blood mediated inflammatory reaction, hypoxia/reperfusion injury, inflammatory cytokines, and immune rejection. RNA interference (RNAi) is a novel strategy to selectively degrade target mRNA. The use of RNAi technologies to downregulate the expression of harmful genes has the potential to improve the outcome of islet transplantation. The aim of this review is to gain a thorough understanding of biological obstacles to islet transplantation and discuss how to overcome these barriers using different RNAi technologies. This eventually will help improve islet survival and function post transplantation. Chemically synthesized small interferring RNA (siRNA), vector based short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and their critical design elements (such as sequences, promoters, and backbone) are discussed. The application of combinatorial RNAi in islet transplantation is also discussed. Last but not the least, several delivery strategies for enhanced gene silencing are discussed, including chemical modification of siRNA, complex formation, bioconjugation, and viral vectors.
AB - Islet transplantation has the potential to cure type 1 diabetes. Despite recent therapeutic success, it is still not common because a large number of transplanted islets get damaged by multiple challenges including instant blood mediated inflammatory reaction, hypoxia/reperfusion injury, inflammatory cytokines, and immune rejection. RNA interference (RNAi) is a novel strategy to selectively degrade target mRNA. The use of RNAi technologies to downregulate the expression of harmful genes has the potential to improve the outcome of islet transplantation. The aim of this review is to gain a thorough understanding of biological obstacles to islet transplantation and discuss how to overcome these barriers using different RNAi technologies. This eventually will help improve islet survival and function post transplantation. Chemically synthesized small interferring RNA (siRNA), vector based short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and their critical design elements (such as sequences, promoters, and backbone) are discussed. The application of combinatorial RNAi in islet transplantation is also discussed. Last but not the least, several delivery strategies for enhanced gene silencing are discussed, including chemical modification of siRNA, complex formation, bioconjugation, and viral vectors.
KW - Islet transplantation
KW - RNA interference
KW - ShRNA
KW - SiRNA
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U2 - 10.1016/j.addr.2010.11.003
DO - 10.1016/j.addr.2010.11.003
M3 - Review article
C2 - 21156190
AN - SCOPUS:79953026793
VL - 63
SP - 47
EP - 68
JO - Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
JF - Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
SN - 0169-409X
IS - 1-2
ER -