SAGES TAVAC safety and effectiveness analysis: da Vinci^® Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA)

Background: The da Vinci^® Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) is a computer-assisted (robotic) surgical system designed to enable and enhance minimally invasive surgery. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has cleared computer-assisted surgical systems for use by trained physicians in an operating room environment for laparoscopic surgical procedures in general, cardiac, colorectal, gynecologic, head and neck, thoracic and urologic surgical procedures. There are substantial numbers of peer-reviewed papers regarding the da Vinci^® Surgical System, and a thoughtful assessment of evidence framed by clinical opinion is warranted. Methods: The SAGES da Vinci^® TAVAC sub-committee performed a literature review of the da Vinci^® Surgical System regarding gastrointestinal surgery. Conclusions by the sub-committee were vetted by the SAGES TAVAC Committee and SAGES Executive Board. Following revisions, the document was evaluated by the TAVAC Committee and Executive Board again for final approval. Results: Several conclusions were drawn based on expert opinion organized by safety, efficacy, and cost for robotic foregut, bariatric, hepatobiliary/pancreatic, colorectal surgery, and single-incision cholecystectomy. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal surgery with the da Vinci^® Surgical System is safe and comparable, but not superior to standard laparoscopic approaches. Although clinically acceptable, its use may be costly for select gastrointestinal procedures. Current data are limited to the da Vinci^® Surgical System; further analyses are needed.