Sources of DPOAEs revealed by suppression experiments, inverse fast Fourier transforms, and SFOAEs in impaired ears

DPOAE sources are modeled by intermodulation distortion generated near the f₂ place and a reflection of this distortion near the DP place. In a previous paper, inverse fast Fourier transforms (IFFTs) of DPOAE filter functions in normal ears were consistent with this model [Konrad-Martin et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109, 2862-2879 (2001)]. In the present article, similar measurements were made in ears with specific hearing-loss configurations. It was hypothesized that hearing loss at f₂ or DP frequencies would influence the relative contributions to the DPOAE from the corresponding basilar membrane places, and would affect the relative magnitudes of SFOAEs at frequencies equal to f₂ and f_DP. DPOAEs were measured with f₂ = 4 kHz, f₁ varied, and a suppressor near f_DP. L₂ was 25-55 dB SPL (L₁ = L₂ + 10 dB). SFOAEs were measured at f₂ and at 2.7 kHz (the average f_DP produced by the f₁ sweep) for stimulus levels of 20-60 dB SPL. SFOAE results supported predictions of the pattern of amplitude differences between SFOAEs at 4 and 2.7 kHz for sloping losses, but did not support predictions for the rising- and flat-loss categories, Unsuppressed IFFTs for rising losses typically had one peak. IFFTs for flat or sloping losses typically have two or more peaks; later peaks were more prominent in ears with sloping losses compared to normal ears. Specific predictions were unambiguously supported by the results for only four of ten cases, and were generally supported in two additional cases. Therefore, the relative contributions of the two DPOAE sources often were abnormal in impaired ears, but not always in the predicted manner.