TY - JOUR
T1 - Synovial Joints
T2 - from Development to Homeostasis
AU - Longobardi, Lara
AU - Li, Tieshi
AU - Tagliafierro, Lidia
AU - Temple, Joseph D.
AU - Willcockson, Helen H.
AU - Ye, Ping
AU - Esposito, Alessandra
AU - Xu, Fuhua
AU - Spagnoli, Anna
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
PY - 2015/1/25
Y1 - 2015/1/25
N2 - Synovial joint morphogenesis occurs through the condensation of mesenchymal cells into a non-cartilaginous region known as the interzone and the specification of progenitor cells that commit to the articular fate. Although several signaling molecules are expressed by the interzone, the mechanism is poorly understood. For treatments of cartilage injuries, it is critical to discover the presence of joint progenitor cells in adult tissues and their expression gene pattern. Potential stem cell niches have been found in different joint regions, such as the surface zone of articular cartilage, synovium, and groove of Ranvier. Inherited joint malformations as well as joint-degenerating conditions are often associated with other skeletal defects and may be seen as the failure of morphogenic factors to establish the correct microenvironment in cartilage and bone. Therefore, exploring how joints form can help us understand how cartilage and bone are damaged and develop drugs to reactivate this developing mechanism.
AB - Synovial joint morphogenesis occurs through the condensation of mesenchymal cells into a non-cartilaginous region known as the interzone and the specification of progenitor cells that commit to the articular fate. Although several signaling molecules are expressed by the interzone, the mechanism is poorly understood. For treatments of cartilage injuries, it is critical to discover the presence of joint progenitor cells in adult tissues and their expression gene pattern. Potential stem cell niches have been found in different joint regions, such as the surface zone of articular cartilage, synovium, and groove of Ranvier. Inherited joint malformations as well as joint-degenerating conditions are often associated with other skeletal defects and may be seen as the failure of morphogenic factors to establish the correct microenvironment in cartilage and bone. Therefore, exploring how joints form can help us understand how cartilage and bone are damaged and develop drugs to reactivate this developing mechanism.
KW - Acquired joint diseases
KW - Articular cartilage
KW - Cytokines/chemokines
KW - Inherited joint diseases
KW - Interzone
KW - Joint progenitor cells
KW - Osteoarthritis
KW - Synovial joint development
KW - TGF-β receptor 2
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84943588719&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84943588719&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11914-014-0247-7
DO - 10.1007/s11914-014-0247-7
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25431159
AN - SCOPUS:84943588719
SN - 1544-1873
VL - 13
SP - 41
EP - 51
JO - Current Osteoporosis Reports
JF - Current Osteoporosis Reports
IS - 1
ER -