TY - JOUR
T1 - Synthesis and biological evaluation of [11C]MK-912 as an α2- adrenergic receptor radioligand for PET studies
AU - Shiue, Chyng Yann
AU - Pleus, Richard C.
AU - Shiue, Grace G.
AU - Rysavy, Joseph A.
AU - Sunderland, John J.
AU - Cornish, Kurtis G.
AU - Young, Steven D.
AU - Bylund, David B.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was carried out at the Creighton Center for Metabolic Imaging and supported by a grant from Health Future Foundation. The authors thank Ms. Julie Prellwitz for technical assistance and NKK Corporation (Japan) for providing us with the automated [ 11 C]CH 3 I system.
PY - 1998/2
Y1 - 1998/2
N2 - In vitro studies showed that MK-912 ((2S, 12bS)1',3'- dimethylspiro(1,3,4,5',6,6',7,12b-octahydro-2H-benzo[b]furo[2,3- a]quinolizine) 2,4'-pyrimidin-2'-one) is a potent α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist with high affinity (K(i) = 0.42, 0.26 and 0.03 nM to α(2A), α(2B) and α(2C), respectively) and high selectivity (α(2A)/α(1A) = 240; α(2A)/D-1 = 3600; α(2A)/D-2 = 3500; α(2A)/5-HT1 = 700; α(2A)/5-HT2 = 4100). The compound was labeled with 11C and evaluated in rodents and monkey as a specific radioligand for studying α2-adrenergic receptors using PET. [11C]MK-912 (2) was synthesized by methylation of its desmethyl precursor, L-668,929 (1), with [11C]CH3I in (Bu3O)P=O at 85°C for 8 min followed by purification with HPLC in 18% yield in a synthesis time of 45 min from end of bombardment (EOB). The specific activity was 0.83-0.93 Ci/μmol and the radiochemical purity was 97%. The initial uptake of [11C]MK-912 in mouse brain, heart, lung, liver and kidney was high (5%, 4%, 5%, 17% and 8% per gram of organ, respectively, at 5 min postinjection) and the activities were then slowly cleared from these organs. The uptake of [11C]MK-912 in rat olfactory tubercle, a brain region with high density of α2-adrenergic receptors, was reduced by 30%, and the ratio of radioactivity in olfactory tubercle/cerebellum was reduced from 2:1 to 1:1 by coinjection of [11C]MK- 912 with a potent α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, atipamezole (3 mg/kg), indicating that compound 2 binds to α2-adrenergic receptors. However, a PET study in a rhesus monkey revealed that the initial influx of [11C]MK-912 into various brain regions (cerebellum, cortex, olfactory tubercle and striatum) was high (0.02%/cc), and the radioactivity was then washed out slowly and without significantly differential retention in these brain regions. This, coupled with the fact that none of the high-density α2- adrenergic receptor brain regions exceeds a few millimeters in diameter, suggests that [11C]MK-912 is probably not an ideal radioligand for studying α2-adrenergic receptors in humans using commercially available PET.
AB - In vitro studies showed that MK-912 ((2S, 12bS)1',3'- dimethylspiro(1,3,4,5',6,6',7,12b-octahydro-2H-benzo[b]furo[2,3- a]quinolizine) 2,4'-pyrimidin-2'-one) is a potent α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist with high affinity (K(i) = 0.42, 0.26 and 0.03 nM to α(2A), α(2B) and α(2C), respectively) and high selectivity (α(2A)/α(1A) = 240; α(2A)/D-1 = 3600; α(2A)/D-2 = 3500; α(2A)/5-HT1 = 700; α(2A)/5-HT2 = 4100). The compound was labeled with 11C and evaluated in rodents and monkey as a specific radioligand for studying α2-adrenergic receptors using PET. [11C]MK-912 (2) was synthesized by methylation of its desmethyl precursor, L-668,929 (1), with [11C]CH3I in (Bu3O)P=O at 85°C for 8 min followed by purification with HPLC in 18% yield in a synthesis time of 45 min from end of bombardment (EOB). The specific activity was 0.83-0.93 Ci/μmol and the radiochemical purity was 97%. The initial uptake of [11C]MK-912 in mouse brain, heart, lung, liver and kidney was high (5%, 4%, 5%, 17% and 8% per gram of organ, respectively, at 5 min postinjection) and the activities were then slowly cleared from these organs. The uptake of [11C]MK-912 in rat olfactory tubercle, a brain region with high density of α2-adrenergic receptors, was reduced by 30%, and the ratio of radioactivity in olfactory tubercle/cerebellum was reduced from 2:1 to 1:1 by coinjection of [11C]MK- 912 with a potent α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, atipamezole (3 mg/kg), indicating that compound 2 binds to α2-adrenergic receptors. However, a PET study in a rhesus monkey revealed that the initial influx of [11C]MK-912 into various brain regions (cerebellum, cortex, olfactory tubercle and striatum) was high (0.02%/cc), and the radioactivity was then washed out slowly and without significantly differential retention in these brain regions. This, coupled with the fact that none of the high-density α2- adrenergic receptor brain regions exceeds a few millimeters in diameter, suggests that [11C]MK-912 is probably not an ideal radioligand for studying α2-adrenergic receptors in humans using commercially available PET.
KW - PET
KW - [C]MK-912
KW - α-Adrenergic receptor
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U2 - 10.1016/S0969-8051(97)00167-4
DO - 10.1016/S0969-8051(97)00167-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 9468027
AN - SCOPUS:0031982832
SN - 0969-8051
VL - 25
SP - 127
EP - 133
JO - Nuclear Medicine and Biology
JF - Nuclear Medicine and Biology
IS - 2
ER -