TY - JOUR
T1 - Systematics of the Eucestoda
T2 - Advances toward a new phylogenetic paradigm, and observations on the early diversification of tapeworms and vertebrates
AU - Hoberg, Eric P.
AU - Gardner, Scott L.
AU - Campbell, Ronald A.
N1 - Funding Information:
The 2nd IWTS, organised by EPH, SLG and RAC, was held at the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 2–6 October 1996, with the theme of promoting a broad-based phylogenetic research programme on cestodes. Thirty-eight scientists representing 19 countries participated, including nearly all current world authorities on cestode taxonomy and character analysis. We sincerely thank the participants who freely shared their knowledge and ideas, over many long hours, resulting in a truly synergistic workshop. We acknowledge the efforts of Niki Gulseth and Mauritz ‘Skip’ Sterner, of the Harold Manter Laboratory, and Judith Holland of the Biosystematics and National Parasite Collection Unit, in ensuring a productive meeting. The Workshop was generously supported by grants and other resources from the American Society of Parasitologists, Agricultural Research Service (Office of the Director, Beltsville Area Research Center; and BN-PCU), University of Nebraska-Lincoln (H.W. Manter Laboratory; and Office of the Chancellor), Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, the United States Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union, Pfizer Inc., and private donations. We also thank Deborah McLennan and Daniel Brooks for critical comments on ideas presented in this manuscript.
PY - 1999/1
Y1 - 1999/1
N2 - Evolutionary relationships of the Eucestoda have received intense but sporadic attention over the past century. Since 1996, the landscape has dramatically changed with respect to our knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships among the tapeworms. The 2nd International Workshop for Tapeworm Systematics (IWTS) held in Lincoln, Nebraska in October of that year provided the catalyst for development of novel hypotheses for inter- and intra-ordinal phylogeny. The working-group structure of the 2nd IWTS and results of phylogenetic studies are briefly introduced in the present manuscript. Higher-level phylogemes derived from parsimony analysis of independent data bases representing comparative morphology or molecular sequences were largely congruent and supported monophyly for the Eucestoda. The Caryophyllidea are basal; difossate forms such as the Pseudophyllidea are primitive; tetrafossates including the Tetraphyllidea, Proteocephalidea, Nippotaeniidea, Tetrabothriidea and Cyclophylhdea are derived; and hypotheses differed in the placement of the Trypanorhyncha and the Diphyllidea. These studies may provide a foundation for resolution of inter- and intra-ordinal relationships for the tapeworms. Additionally, the first comprehensive phylogenetic hypotheses for the Pseudophyllidea, Diphyllidea, Trypanorhyncha, the paraphyletic Tetraphyllidea + Lecanicephalidea, Proteocephalidea and Cyclophyllidea were developed during and subsequent to the 2nd IWTS. The stage is now set for continued and rapid advances in our understanding of the eucestodes. These studies have also served to re-emphasize the rich genealogical diversity of tapeworms and the temporally deep history for their origin. A co-evolutionary history and radiation of eucestodes may involve deep co-speciation with vertebrate host taxa, accompanied by some level of colonization and extinction, extending into the Palaeozoic, minimally 350-420 million years ago.
AB - Evolutionary relationships of the Eucestoda have received intense but sporadic attention over the past century. Since 1996, the landscape has dramatically changed with respect to our knowledge of the phylogenetic relationships among the tapeworms. The 2nd International Workshop for Tapeworm Systematics (IWTS) held in Lincoln, Nebraska in October of that year provided the catalyst for development of novel hypotheses for inter- and intra-ordinal phylogeny. The working-group structure of the 2nd IWTS and results of phylogenetic studies are briefly introduced in the present manuscript. Higher-level phylogemes derived from parsimony analysis of independent data bases representing comparative morphology or molecular sequences were largely congruent and supported monophyly for the Eucestoda. The Caryophyllidea are basal; difossate forms such as the Pseudophyllidea are primitive; tetrafossates including the Tetraphyllidea, Proteocephalidea, Nippotaeniidea, Tetrabothriidea and Cyclophylhdea are derived; and hypotheses differed in the placement of the Trypanorhyncha and the Diphyllidea. These studies may provide a foundation for resolution of inter- and intra-ordinal relationships for the tapeworms. Additionally, the first comprehensive phylogenetic hypotheses for the Pseudophyllidea, Diphyllidea, Trypanorhyncha, the paraphyletic Tetraphyllidea + Lecanicephalidea, Proteocephalidea and Cyclophyllidea were developed during and subsequent to the 2nd IWTS. The stage is now set for continued and rapid advances in our understanding of the eucestodes. These studies have also served to re-emphasize the rich genealogical diversity of tapeworms and the temporally deep history for their origin. A co-evolutionary history and radiation of eucestodes may involve deep co-speciation with vertebrate host taxa, accompanied by some level of colonization and extinction, extending into the Palaeozoic, minimally 350-420 million years ago.
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U2 - 10.1023/A:1006099009495
DO - 10.1023/A:1006099009495
M3 - Article
C2 - 10613542
AN - SCOPUS:0032989708
SN - 0165-5752
VL - 42
SP - 1
EP - 12
JO - Systematic Parasitology
JF - Systematic Parasitology
IS - 1
ER -